Table 2.
Systematic review of Facebook addiction studies
| Author(s) | Year | Sample | Type of study | Measure | Variables | Findings |
| Elphinston & Noller | 2011 | 342 Australian undergraduate students (57% women) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 8-item Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire | Facebook intrusion, jealousy, relationship satisfaction | Facebook intrusion is associated with relationship dissatisfaction through jealousy and surveillance behaviours |
| Sofiah, Omar, Bolong & Osman | 2011 | 380 Malaysian university students (100% women) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 11-item unnamed measure of Facebook addiction | Facebook addiction, uses and gratifications of Facebook | Social interaction, passing time, entertainment, companionship and communication motives were all associated with Facebook addiction |
| Çam & Isbulan | 2012 | 1257 teaching candidates from a Turkish university (59% women) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 20-item Facebook Addiction Scale | Facebook addiction, gender, year of study | Men were more likely than women to be addicted to Facebook, and senior students were more likely to be addicted than juniors, sophomores, and freshmen |
| Lee, Cheung & Thadania | 2012 | 200 Facebook users (52% women) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 7-item modified version of the Generalised Problematic Internet Use Scale 2 (Caplan, 2010) | Problematic Facebook use | Preference for online social interaction and using Facebook to regulate moods significantly predicted deficient self-regulation of Facebook use. This relationship led to negative outcomes |
| Balakrishinan & Shamim | 2013 | Focus group: 12 Malaysian university students Survey: 707 Malaysian university students (54% women) | Qualitative focus group study/Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 30-item unnamed measure of Facebook addiction | Facebook addiction, uses and gratifications of Facebook | Evidence was presented to support four key indicators of Facebook addiction: Salience, Loss of Control, Withdrawal, Relapse and Reinstatement |
| Koc & Gulyagci | 2013 | 447 Turkish university students | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 8-item Facebook Addiction Scale | Facebook addiction, Facebook use, psychosocial health | 22% of the variance in Internet addiction scores was predicted by weekly time spent on Facebook, social motives, depression and anxiety |
| Hong, Huang, Lin & Chiu | 2014 | 241 Taiwanese university students (59% men) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 12-item Facebook Addiction Scale | Facebook addiction, Facebook usage, gender, year of study, self-esteem, social extraversion, sense of self-inferiority, neuroticism, depressive character | Facebook addiction was significantly predicted by level of Facebook usage and having a depressive character |
| Uysal, Satici & Akin | 2014 | 297 Turkish university students (53% women) | Quantitative cross-sectional survey study | 18-item Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (Andreassen, Torsheim, Brunborg & Pallesen, 2012) | Facebook addiction, subjective vitality, subjective happiness | The relationship between subjective vitality and subjective happiness was partially mediated by Facebook addiction |
| Zaremohzzabieh, Samah, Omar, Bolong, & Kamarudin | 2014 | 9 heavy Facebook users from a Malaysian university (67% men) | Qualitative interview study | Semi-structured interview questions | Facebook addiction | Three themes emerged: compulsion to check Facebook, high frequency Facebook use, and using Facebook to avoid offline responsibility. These themes were respectively classified as salience, tolerance, and conflict |
aAs these results originate from a conference paper, they may be of a lower quality than the other reported studies.