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. 2014 Sep 27;3(3):189–198. doi: 10.1556/JBA.3.2014.3.7

Table 4.

Blockwise hierarchical logistic regression and sensitivity analyses on treatment status of PGr

n = 258   Model with final weight     Model with sample weight   Model without any weight  
Predictor OR (95% Cl) SE z p* p** OR (95% Cl) SE z p* p** OR (95% Cl) SE z p* p**
Socio-demographic           <001         <001         .004    
Age 1.15 (1.05-1.25) 0.05 3.06 .002 1.05 1.00-1.11 0.03 1.89 .058 1.08 0.99-1.17 0.05 1.80 .072      
Sex (ref. male) - - - - - - - - - - - - - -        
Marital status (ref. single)                                    
married 1.07 (0.14-8.02) 1.09 0.07 .948 0.53 0.14-2.05 0.36 -0.93 .354 0.57 0.14-2.36 0.41 -0.77 .441      
divorced/widowed - - - - - - - - - - - - - -        
Education level1 (ref. low)                                    
medium 0.11 (0.02-0.54) 0.09 -2.75 .006 0.42 0.13-1.37 0.25 -1.44 .150 0.27 0.08-0.95 0.17 -2.04 .042      
high 0.03 (0.00-0.48) 0.04 -2.5 .013 0.53 0.11-2.48 0.42 -0.81 .416 0.38 0.06-2.25 0.35 -1.06 .287      
Employment status 0.00 (0.00-0.01) 0.00 -4.76 <.001 0.06 0.01-0.26 0.04 -3.69 <.001 0.10 0.02-0.45 0.08 -2.99 .003      
(ref. unemployed)                                    
Nationality (ref. German) 0.06 (0.01-0.49) 0.06 -2.62 .009 0.20 0.06-0.66 0.12 -2.66 .008 0.17 0.05-0.62 0.11 -2.68 .007      
Gambling behaviour/PG2           <.001         .012         .001    
Weekly3 0.10 (0.02-0.58) 0.09 -2.59 .010 0.52 0.12-2.37 0.40 -0.84 .400 0.51 0.10-2.55 0.42 -0.82 .414  
Multiple4 0.91 (0.07-12.52) 1.21 -0.07 .945 0.72 0.09-5.39 0.74 -0.33 .745 1.25 0.19-8.19 1.20 0.23 .817  
Number of games 0.76 (0.30-1.97) 0.37 -0.56 .575 0.54 0.29-1.03 0.18 -1.86 .063 0.51 0.26-1.01 0.18 -1.94 .052  
Internet games5 552.98 (16-18.412) 984.4 3.55 <.001 7.60 1.17^9.39 7.26 2.12 .034 13.55 2.06-89.18 13.03 2.71 .007  
Casino6 5.55 (0.56-54.72) 6.45 1.47 .142 2.16 0.24-19.39 2.42 0.69 .493 1.50 0.24-9.52 1.42 0.43 .664  
Gaming machines 46.02 (2.48-854) 68.25 2.58 .010 6.22 1.32-29.24 4.91 2.31 .021 7.31 1.37-39.01 6.25 2.33 .020  
Lotteries 1.12 (0.16-8.05) 1.12 0.11 .909 4.97 0.45-54.40 6.07 1.31 .189 5.46 0.73-4.0.62 5.59 1.66 .097  
All hazardous games7 0.00 (0.00-0.16) 0.01 -2.84 .005 0.19 0.01-3.59 0.29 -1.10 .270 0.17 0.01-4.24 0.28 -1.08 .282  
Stakes8 1.00 (1.00-1.00) 0.00 2.83 .005 1.00 1.00-1.00 0.00 1.28 .199 1.00 1.00-1.00 0.00 1.24 .215  
Number of DSM-IV 4.12 (2.33-7.29) 1.19 4.89 <.001 1.69 1.06-2.71 0.41 2.19 .028 1.81 1.11-2.96 0.45 2.36 .018  
criteria                                
Substance use9           .001         .126         .032
Alcohol 0.04 (0.01-0.21) 0.03 -3.9 <.001 - - - - - 0.25 0.07-0.86 0.16 -2.19 .029
Smoking10 1.06 (0.03-36.05) 1.90 0.03 .973 - - - - - 1.70 0.16-17.71 2.03 0.45 .656
Illicit drugs11 0.30 (0.03-2.55) 0.32 -1.11 .266 - - - - - 0.38 0.08-1.80 0.30 -1.22 .224
        Z2(19)12   57.7     Z2 (16)12   50.6     X2(19)12 51.8
        P   <.001     P   <.001     P <.001
        Pseudo R2   58.5     Pseudo Ŕ2   39.5     Pseudo R2 44.7
        F(9.249)13   399.5     F(9.250)13   164.3     F(9.249)13  67.6
        14 P   <.001     14 P   <.001     14 P <.001

Notes: PGr = pathological gamblers; OR = Odds Ratio; 95% Cl = 95% confidence interval; SE = robust standard error; * p-value of predictor, ** p-value of block of predictors (Wald x2-test); p ≤.05: bold; 1low: 9 years of school education/without graduation/other; medium: 10 years of school education; high: more than 10 years of school education; 2in the past year; 3gambling once or several times per week; 4rticipation in one or more gambling activities; 5internet casino, Internet card games, Internet sports betting; 6slot machines or table games; participating in any hazardous game (Internet games, casino, gam- . ing machines); 8average stakes per month in the past year for all gambling activities; in the past 30 days; 10regular smoking ( ≥20 days); 11any illicit drug; 12 x2-test of model, in braces: degrees of freedom df; 13 p-value of goodness of x2-test; 14F-value of goodness of fit test, in braces: df; 15 p-value of goodness of fit test.