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. 2014 Sep 15;1(1):e000136. doi: 10.1136/openhrt-2014-000136

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Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Two-dimensional (2D) and Three-dimensional (3D) images of the mitral valve and transmitral flow profile in a patient with AS and a control participant. On the 2D image, mitral annular calcification (red arrow) was prominent in the patient with AS. The 3D zoomed image from a left atrial perspective showed a whole circumferential mitral annular calcification resembling a prosthetic mitral valve ring. In this patient with AS, the leaflet opening was also restricted (yellow arrow) and the peak transmitral flow velocity increased to 160 cm/s.