FIG. 4.

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DOI: 10.1063/1.4892515.5

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DOI: 10.1063/1.4892515.6

λ-phage DNA (green)—E. coli RNAP complexes (magenta) combed on LP O₂ plasma treated PSQ surface. White arrows indicate the candidate DNA-RNAP complexes. DNA molecules were labeled with YOYO-1 nucleic acid stain (1/5 of dye/base-pair ratio) and RNAP with primary-secondary antibody coupling scheme.²⁸ Some QDs also non-specifically immobilized on the surface (bottom), but false positives can be identified using electric-field assisted stretching/recoiling of DNA-protein complexes. (Multimedia view) [URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4892515.5]