Table 1.
Demographic, clinical characteristics, and degree of cardiometabolic control by gender and presence of CVD*.
| All patients | CVD | No CVD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| N = 153,987 | N = 132,804 | N = 34,283 | N = 18,382 | N = 119,704 | N = 114,422 | |
| CV risk factors | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 66.4 (11.3) | 70.3 (11.1) | 70.9 (9.6) | 75.6 (8.7) | 65.1 (11.4) | 69.4 (11.2) |
| Diabetes duration, mean (SD), years | 6.2 (4.8) | 6.9 (5.3) | 7.3 (5.5) | 8.3 (6.4) | 5.9 (4.5) | 6.7 (5.1) |
| Hypertension, % | 58.6 | 69.7 | 69.5 | 81.5 | 55.4 | 67.8 |
| Systolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 136.9 (13.6) | 137.5 (14) | 136.1 (14.3) | 138 (14.7) | 137.2 (13.4) | 137.5 (13.8) |
| Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 76.6 (8.5) | 76.2 (8.1) | 73.8 (8.4) | 73.6 (8.2) | 77.5 (8.3) | 76.6 (8) |
| Diabetic retinopathy, % | 5.6 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 10.9 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
| Diabetic nephropathy, % | 20.7 | 12.3 | 26.7 | 18.3 | 19 | 11.3 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 28.8 (4.3) | 30.5 (5.6) | 28.6 (4.1) | 30.1 (5.4) | 28.9 (4.3) | 30.6 (5.6) |
| HbA1c, % | 7.2 (1.5) | 7.1 (1.4) | 7.1 (1.4) | 7.2 (1.4) | 7.2 (1.5) | 7.1 (1.4) |
| Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 186.2 (38.2) | 198.4 (38) | 171.5 (36.9) | 185.6 (39.4) | 190.5 (37.5) | 200.4 (37.3) |
| HDL-cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 46.2 (12.3) | 52.7 (13.4) | 44.4 (11.8) | 50.2 (12.9) | 46.7 (12.4) | 53.1 (13.4) |
| LDL-cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 109.7 (32.2) | 115.6 (32.3) | 97.1 (30.7) | 104.4 (32.5) | 113.6 (31.6) | 117.4 (31.9) |
| Triglycerides, mean (SD), mg/dL | 158.5 (117.3) | 153.5 (88.7) | 153.4 (106.8) | 156.3 (91.8) | 160 (120.3) | 153.1 (88.2) |
| Smoking status, % | ||||||
| Non smokers | 43.5 | 88 | 42.4 | 90.1 | 43.8 | 87.6 |
| Current smokers | 23.9 | 6.2 | 18.1 | 3.8 | 25.6 | 6.6 |
| Ex-smoker | 32.6 | 5.8 | 39.5 | 6.1 | 30.6 | 5.8 |
| Degree of CVRF control | ||||||
| HbA1c ≤ 7%, % | 55.8 | 56.5 | 55 | 54.6 | 56 | 56.8 |
| BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2, % | 61 | 47.3 | 62.5 | 49.7 | 60.6 | 46.9 |
| BP ≤ 140/90 mmHg, % | 63.9 | 63.1 | 65.5 | 62.1 | 63.5 | 63.2 |
| LDL-cholesterol ≤ 130 mg/dL, % (PP) | 75.2 | 69.4 | 86.3 | 80.2 | 71.8 | 67.7 |
| LDL-cholesterol ≤ 100 mg/dL, % (SP) | 41.3 | 34.2 | 58.8 | 49.2 | 35.9 | 31.7 |
| HbA1c ≤ 7% + BP ≤ 140/90 mmHg + LDL ≤ 130 mg/dL, % | 28.5 | 25.6 | 33.1 | 28.9 | 27.0 | 25.1 |
| HbA1c ≤ 7% + BP ≤ 140/90 mmHg + LDL ≤ 100 mg/dL, % | 15.7 | 12.4 | 22.8 | 17.7 | 13.5 | 11.5 |
*All variables showed significant differences between sexes (P < 0.005) and between CVD and no CVD in both men and women (P < 0.001), except for HbA1c: P = 0.058 in men and P = 0.003 in women. BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure; CVD: cardiovascular disease; PP: primary prevention; SD: standard deviation; SP: secondary prevention.