Table 3. Summary of the effects of violacein-producing clone 20G8 and its violacein deficient mutants on C. elegans.

Compound predicted to be expressed by the mutanta	L-tryptophan	prodeoxyviolacein	proviolacein	violacein
Proposed gene function involved in the biosynthesisa , b	vioAB: tryptophan 2-monooxygenase	vioD: hydroxylase	vioC: monooxygenases	N/A
Mutant/clone name and NCBI accession number	20G8vioA −(AFT64169) 20G8vioB −(AFT64168)	20G8vioD− (AFT64166)	20G8vioC− (AFT64167)	20G8 (JX523957)
BLASTp analysisc	VioA tryptophan 2-monooxygenase; VioB polyketide synthase	VioD hydroxylase	VioC monooxygenase	N/A
Nematode survival (p values)d	p<0.0001	p<0.0001	p<0.0001	N/A
Colonizatione	0%	N/A	0%	76%±1.6
Apoptosisf	0%	N/A	0%	70.3%±5.7
Clone pigmentation	white	grey	grey	violet

^aAccording to [37], [45].

^bGenes were ordered based on enzymatic activity in violacein biosynthesis and not on the locus position within the cluster [37].

^cOnly hits with 100% query coverage, 100% identity and E value of 0 were considered.

^d p values of the survival of nematodes exposed to violacein mutants compared to the wild type clone 20G8 are reported.

^ePercentage of alive nematodes colonized after four days.

^fPercentage of CU1546 C. elegans strain displaying GFP signal indicative of apoptosis induction. All studies were carried out in C. elegans strain N2 except for apoptosis studies where CU1546 strain was employed. Each data represents means ± the standard error of three replicates. N/A  =  not applicable.