Table 4.
Effect of size reduction, hydrothermal and fermentation treatments on swelling power, water solubility index and water holding capacity of wheat bran (n = 3)
| Average particle size of the bran (μm) | Control | Hydrothermaled | Fermented |
|---|---|---|---|
| Swelling power (mL/g) | |||
| 1200 | 9.5 ± 0.10Aa | 8.3 ± 0.00A b | 8.6 ± 0.20A b |
| 420 | 8.3 ± 0.10Ba | 7.1 ± 0.30Bb | 7.4 ± 0.10Bb |
| 280 | 7.7 ± 0.10Ca | 6.8 ± 0.10Cb | 6.9 ± 0.10Cb |
| 170 | 6.8 ± 0.10Da | 5.3 ± 0.20Db | 5.4 ± 0.20Db |
| 90 | 5.7 ± 0.10Ea | 4.7 ± 0.10Eb | 4.8 ± 0.30Eb |
| Water solubility index (%) | |||
| 1200 | 8.3 ± 0.11Ac | 13.1 ± 0.10A a | 9.8 ± 0.11A b |
| 420 | 7.1 ± 0.10Bc | 12.2 ± 0.31Ba | 9.0 ± 0.10Bb |
| 280 | 6.2 ± 0.12Cc | 11.8 ± 0.10Ca | 7.6 ± 0.10Cb |
| 170 | 5.3 ± 0.11Dc | 11.1 ± 0.20Ca | 6.4 ± 0.21Db |
| 90 | 4.7 ± 0.10Ec | 10.5 ± 0.11Da | 5.6 ± 0.30Eb |
| Water holding capacity (%) | |||
| 1200 | 25.2 ± 0.10Aa | 24.3 ± 0.00A b | 24.0 ± 0.20A b |
| 420 | 21.1 ± 0.10Ba | 20.9 ± 0.30Bb | 20.8 ± 0.10Bb |
| 280 | 20.1 ± 0.10Ca | 19.7 ± 0.10Cb | 19.8 ± 0.10Cb |
| 170 | 18.5 ± 0.10Da | 18.3 ± 0.20Da | 18.1 ± 0.20Da |
| 90 | 13.1 ± 0.10Ea | 13.3 ± 0.10Ea | 13.1 ± 0.30Ea |
Different capital letters in each column and small letters in each row are significantly different (p < 0.05)