Table 5.

Time course changes in plasma concentrations of selected amino acids in subjects with metabolic syndrome ¹

	Soy (n = 10)					Dairy (n = 10)
	Time (min)
	0	30	60	180	240	0	30	60	180	240
	μmol/L
Arginine	8.7 ± 0.7	11.3 ± 0.8**	11.9 ± 1.0**	9.3 ± 0.9	8.5 ± 0.8	8.6 ± 0.4	9.6 ± 0.5	10.5 ± 0.7*	8.9 ± 0.6	7.7 ± 0.4
Asparagine	6.3 ± 0.8	8.7 ± 0.8**	8.4 ± 0.8**	6.4 ± 0.4	6.3 ± 0.5	6.3 ± 0.4	7.2 ± 0.5	8.0 ± 0.4**	6.6 ± 0.4	5.9 ± 0.2
Serine	12.9 ± 1.7	13.3 ± 0.8	15.2 ± 1.5	12.3 ± 1.6	11.5 ± 1.1	13.3 ± 1.4	15.4 ± 1.4	15.8 ± 1.4**	13.8 ± 1.4	12.7 ± 1.4
Glutamine	99.5 ± 7.0	90.9 ± 7.4*	95.6 ± 6.7	89.6 ± 4.1*	94.3 ± 4.8	99.7 ± 6.4	95.7 ± 6.5	103.1 ± 4.7	102.7 ± 6.5	103.4 ± 7.0
Taurine	8.6 ± 0.8	7.7 ± 0.5	8.0 ± 0.6	8.5 ± 0.6	8.6 ± 0.5	8.8 ± 0.5	7.4 ± 0.3*	8.3 ± 0.3	8.3 ± 0.5	8.2 ± 0.4
Glycine	36.7 ± 3.6	36.6 ± 3.4	37.4 ± 3.5	33.4 ± 2.5*	37.1 ± 4.8*	40.2 ± 3.8	35.8 ± 2.2	38.5 ± 2.5	34.5 ± 2.5**	32.9 ± 2.4*
Proline	65.8 ± 3.8	79.6 ± 5.5**	86.7 ± 7.8**	74.6 ± 4.6**	74.4 ± 6.3	68.5 ± 3.8	83.2 ± 5.0*	101.6 ± 5.8**	99.4 ± 5.9**	88.1 ± 5.9**
Lysine	16.6 ± 1.7	19.6 ± 2.5	19.4 ± 2.4	15.6 ± 2.3	16.8 ± 2.0	15.1 ± 1.1	20.5 ± 2.4*	18.6 ± 1.6**	19.8 ± 2.9	18.0 ± 2.1
Valine	99.0 ± 7.2	108.0 ± 6.5**	109.4 ± 7.6*	95.3 ± 6.3	93.2 ± 4.4	88.9 ± 4.7	101.3 ± 4.9*	112.2 ± 4.0**	111.1 ± 6.6**	103.4 ± 5.1**
Isoleucine	35.4 ± 2.6	47.6 ± 2.6**	47.8 ± 3.1**	38.4 ± 2.4	36.5 ± 1.7	31.7 ± 2.1	44.4 ± 2.8**	47.7 ± 2.2**	43.0 ± 3.2**	38.2 ± 3.1*
Leucine	78.2 ± 4.9	98.3 ± 4.4**	93.7 ± 4.8**	72.2 ± 3.6*	68.8 ± 2.6*	70.4 ± 4.9	100.6 ± 4.3**	103.5 ± 2.2**	90.4 ± 5.8**	83.8 ± 4.8*
∑BCAA	212.6 ± 18.7	253.9 ± 18.7*	251.0 ± 18.5*	205.9 ± 16.5	242.4 ± 21.1	196.2 ± 17.8	243.1 ± 18.4	264.8 ± 20.4*	247.6 ± 20.4*	224.0 ± 19.2*
∑Total AA 2	538.0 ± 62.8	585.7 ± 56.9**	605.4 ± 69.1**	515.6 ± 51.1	527.2 ± 125.8	489.0 ± 24.3	546.5 ± 24.7	602.4 ± 21.5**	569.7 ± 31.1**	527.2 ± 32.5

¹Means which are statistically different from baseline (0 min) for each meal are indicated by; * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01.

²Total AA: sum of measurable amino acids.