Table 3.
Ratios for associations between gestational diabetes mellitus and risk factors among the three ethnic groups
| Risk factor | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | Malay | Indian | Chinese | Malay | Indian | |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI >30 kg/m2 | 2.7 (1.0-7.2) | 3.3 (1.5-7.6)b | 1.8 (0.6-5.0) | 2.4 (0.8-6.8) | 3.4 (1.5-7.9)b | 1.8 (0.6-5.1) |
| Family history of diabetes | 1.0 (0.6-1.5) | 1.6 (0.8-3.3) | 1.2 (0.6-2.3) | 0.8 (0.5-1.3) | 1.6 (0.7-3.5) | 1.2 (0.6-2.5) |
| Previous history of GDM | 4.8 (2.1-11.0)b | 7.6 (1.5-39.2)b | 3.0 (0.8-11.6) | 4.7 (2.0-11.0)b | 6.6 (1.2-37.3)b | 2.8 (0.7-11.0) |
| Previous birth ≥4.5 kg | 1.9 (0.2-20.9) | Not calculable* | Not calculable* | 3.9 (0.2- 62.9) | Not calculable* | Not calculable* |
Abbreviations: BMI, Body Mass Index; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus.
aAdjusted for other risk factors including pre-pregnancy BMI >30 kg/m2, family history of diabetes, previous history of GDM or birth weight ≥4.5 kg.
bP < 0.05 *Insufficient number of previous birth ≥ 4.5 kg to calculate.