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. 2014 Jan 6;19(3):1–11. doi: 10.1111/tmi.12248

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© 2014 The Authors. Tropical Medicine and International Health published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Gel electrophoresis of East African knock-down (L1014S) resistance assay. All successful reactions contain a band of 285 bp, a band of 210 bp indicates the susceptible (wild-type) allele and one of 188 bp the resistant allele. The first lane contains a 100-kb ladder marker, lane 1 is the control for the L1014S homozygous resistant, lane 2 is control for the L1014S homozygous susceptible. Lanes 3 and 5 are samples from Muleba. Lanes 4 and 6 are samples from Dar es Salaam (Ilala); lane 7, sample from Handeni; and lane 8, negative control.