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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Growth Horm IGF Res. 2014 May 17;24(4):142–149. doi: 10.1016/j.ghir.2014.04.006

Table 2.

Percent difference in IGF-axis protein levels per unit increase (or per level increase) in sociodemographic/lifestyle characteristics using linear regression models (n=558)

Characteristic Total IGF-I, % Free IGF-I, % IGFBP-1, % IGFBP-2, % IGFBP-3, %
Age
 Model 1 −1.4 (−1.7 to −1.0) −1.8 (−2.7 to −1.0) 1.6 (0.5 to 2.6) 0.9 (0.2 to 1.6) −0.2 (−0.4 to 0.1)
 Model 2 −0.8 (−1.2 to −0.3) −0.2 (−1.3 to 0.9) 0.1 (−0.9 to 1.0) 1.3 (0.5 to 2.2) −0.2 (−0.5 to 0.1)
 Model 3 −0.8 (−1.3 to −0.4) −0.3 (−1.4 to 0.8) −0.2 (−1.1 to 0.8) 1.5 (0.7 to 2.2) −0.3 (−0.6 to 0)
Caucasian
 Model 1 4.9 (−18.0 to 34.2) −35.5 (−57.1 to −3.0) 43.1 (−10.0 to 127.6) 43.3 (2.0 to 101.2) 21.2 (−5.0 to 54.6)
 Model 2 5.8 (−15.6 to 32.7) −31.5 (−51.9 to −2.4) 12.4 (−26.2 to 71.2) 30.3 (−6.1 to 80.8) 22.7 (−3.9 to 56.6)
 Model 3 0.9 (−15.7 to 20.4) −35.4 (−53.7 to −10.0) 18.8 (−17.7 to 71.5) 23.6 (−9.4 to 68.7) 21.3 (−1.4 to 49.2)
Postmenopausal
 Model 1 −14.2 (−20.9 to −7.0) −33.5 (−44.5 to −20.4) 42.6 (14.8 to 77.1) −10.7 (−23.8 to 4.6) 1.2 (−4.2 to 6.9)
 Model 2 −5.9 (−13.3 to 2.2) −16.5 (−30.3 to 0) 10.7 (−8.1 to 33.3) −5.8 (−18.1 to 8.2) 5.2 (−0.7 to 11.4)
 Model 3 −4.5 (−11.5 to 3.1) −15.2 (−28.9 to 1.3) 10.5 (−6.5 to 30.5) −2.5 (−13.4 to 9.9) 5.7 (0 to 11.8)
Current HT use
 Model 1 −21.4 (−25.8 to −16.9) −45.1 (−52.5 to −36.6) 82.7 (60.6 to 107.7) −16.5 (−25.4 to −6.5) −7.8 (−11.5 to −4.0)
 Model 2 −20.7 (−25.3 to −15.8) −42.1 (−50.3 to −32.6) 58.1 (40.8 to 77.6) −22.4 (−30.4 to −13.4) −8.2 (−12.1 to −4.0)
 Model 3 −16.9 (−21.6 to −12.0) −34.7 (−44.1 to −23.7) 40.9 (25.2 to 58.7) −23.2 (−30.4 to −15.2) −7.5 (−11.5 to −3.3)
Current Smoking
 Model 1 6.6 (−1.4 to 15.2) 30.1 (8.5 to 55.9) −10.5 (−26.3 to 8.6) 15.2 (0.1 to 32.6) 0.3 (−5.0 to 5.9)
 Model 2 5.8 (−1.5 to 13.6) 26.5 (7.8 to 48.5) −6.3 (−19.1 to 8.6) 14.8 (2.5 to 28.7) −0.2 (−5.4 to 5.4)
 Model 3 5.6 (−2.4 to 14.2) 18.4 (−0.9 to 41.5) 11.0 (−4.8 to 29.5) 25.4 (13.1 to 39.1) 0.3 (−5.3 to 6.3)
BMI
 Model 1 0.1 (−0.6 to 0.7) 1.7 (0.2 to 3.1) −9.6 (−10.9 to −8.2) −5.7 (−6.7 to −4.8) 0.6 (0.1 to 1.0)
 Model 2 −0.2 (−0.8 to 0.4) 0.8 (−0.5 to 2.1) −8.8 (−10.1 to −7.5) −6.1 (−7.1 to −5.0) 0.5 (0.1 to 0.9)
 Model 3 −0.6 (−1.3 to 0.2) 0.2 (−1.6 to 2.1) −4.8 (−6.5 to −3.1) −0.9 (−2.3 to 0.6) −0.1 (−0.7 to 0.6)
Physical Activity
 Model 1 0.1 (0 to 0.3) 0 (−0.4 to 0.4) 0.6 (0.2 to 1.0) 0.3 (0 to 0.5) 0 (−0.1 to 0.1)
 Model 2 0.1 (0 to 0.3) 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.4) 0.3 (0 to 0.7) 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.4) 0 (−0.1 to 0.1)
 Model 3 0 (−0.1 to 0.2) 0 (−0.4 to 0.3) 0.2 (−0.1 to 0.5) −0.1 (−0.3 to 0.1) 0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

Hormone therapy (HT) (versus past/never), body mass index (BMI), Model 1 adjusted for age and race/ethnicity; Model 2 adjusted for Model 1 + menopausal status (pre/post), current HT use (versus past/never), current smoking (versus past/never), BMI, and physical activity (continuous, METs/wk); Model 3: Model 2 + CRP, Adiponectin, Resistin, Leptin, sOb-R, Insulin, HbA1C%, IL-18) +energy (kcal) + alcohol %kcal + dairy protein %kcal + fat %kcal (trans fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat)