Figure 4.

Typical spatial patterns, which emerge spontaneously from random initial conditions on a square lattice. Top panels illustrate how the characteristic length scale of spiral waves increases with increasing mobility m from left to right. Here the competition and reproduction rate are both p = q = 1. Bottom panels show the reverse transition, where the characteristic length scale of spiral waves decreases as the competition rate p increases from left to right. Here, the mobility m = 10⁻⁴ and the production rate q = 1.0 are fixed. Colours red, blue and green denote rock (species A), paper (species B) and scissor (species C), respectively. Empty sites are grey and denoted by ⊗. The system size is N = 512². For further simulation details, we refer to [135].