Table 1.
Means (SDs) and inferential statistics for demographic data and characteristics of musical practice (trend/significance p-values: $p ≤ 0.1).
| Middle-aged controls (n = 14) | Older controls (n = 20) | Middle-aged musicians (n = 19) | Older musicians (n = 15) | F/χ2 | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANOVAs/χ2 | ||||||
| Sex ratio (M/F) | 5/9 | 7/13 | 10/9 | 8/7 | 2.15 | 0.54 |
| Education (years) | 13.6 (3.5) | 13 (2.5) | 14.6 (2.1) | 14 (2.5) | 1.3 | 0.28 |
| Occupation | 2.6 (0.7) | 3.1 (1) | 3.2 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) | 2.2 | 0.1 |
| Middle-aged controls | Older controls | Middle-aged musicians | Older musicians | t/χ2 | P | |
| TWO-SAMPLE t-TESTS/χ2 | ||||||
| Sex ratio (M/F; collapsed across age) | 12/22 | 18/16 | 2.15 | 0.14 | ||
| Education (collapsed across age) | 13.2 (2.9) | 14.3 (2.3) | 1.76 | 0.08$ | ||
| Occupation (collapsed across age) | 2.9 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.4) | 1.26 | 0.21 | ||
| Age (middle-aged) | 38.9 (12.9) | 40.7 (9.7) | −0.48 | 0.25 | ||
| Age (older) | 67 (4.4) | 67.1 (5.2) | −0.09 | 0.93 | ||
| Frequency of training | 15.3 (12.6) | 9.2 (6.6) | 1.71 | 0.1$ | ||
| Age at onset of training | 8.4 (3.7) | 11.2 (4.5) | −1.84 | 0.07$ | ||