Fig. 3.

(A) Inducing liquid metal into an upward-tilted capillary channel (∼0.9 mm i.d.) by application of a voltage in the presence of 1 M NaOH. (B) Controlling the shape and direction of a metal drop into an open T-shaped Plexiglas channel submerged in 1 M NaOH solution using only voltage. Switching the position of the counterelectrode at different points (B, ii-iv), guides the direction of the metal droplet. (C) Side view of a small droplet of EGaIn pumped out of a 0.5-mm-i.d. polymer tube at 20-mL/h in 1 M NaOH. The metal forms droplets in the absence of potential. (D) Formation of an oxide-coated liquid metal fiber coming out of the tube at 5 V.