Table 2.

Cancer Findings from the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Therapy

Randomized Clinical Trials
2002	Estrogen plus progestin significantly increases breast cancer, significantly decreases colorectal cancer and has no effect on endometrial cancer (Rossouw 2002)
2003	Estrogen plus progestin interfered with breast cancer mammographic detection resulting in diagnostic delay and higher stage cancers (Chlebowski 2003)
2003	Estrogen plus progestin associated with a non-significant higher ovarian cancer risk (Anderson 2003)
2004	Estrogen plus progestin significantly decreases colorectal cancers but cancers were diagnosed at higher stage (Chlebowski 2004)
2006	Estrogen alone with trend for lower breast cancer incidence (Stefanick 2006)
2009	Estrogen plus progestin significantly increases lung cancer mortality (Chlebowski, Schwartz 2009)
2009	After stopping estrogen plus progestin, breast cancer incidence rapidly declined while mammography was constant suggesting secular trend in decrease in breast cancer incidence was associated with decrease in hormone therapy use (Chlebowski, Kuller 2009)
2010	Estrogen plus progestin increases breast cancer incidence broadly across subtypes and significantly increases breast cancer mortality (Chlebowski, Anderson 2010)
2010	Estrogen alone does not influence lung cancer incidence or mortality (Chlebowski, Anderson, Gass 2010)
2011	Estrogen alone significantly decreases breast cancer incidence (Anderson 2012)
2012	Estrogen plus progestin with no influence on colorectal cancer mortality suggesting lower incidence related to diagnostic delay (Simon 2012)