Table 3.

Hazard Ratios and Confidence Intervals for each 10 mm Hg increase in the magnitude of the Forward (P_f) and Backward (P_b) Wave and Death in Unadjusted and Adjusted Models.

Model	All-Cause Mortality (617 deaths)			Cardiovascular Mortality (134 deaths)			Non-Cardiovascular Mortality (460 deaths)
	Hazard Ratio	Confidence Interval	P-value	Hazard Ratio	Confidence Interval	P-value	Hazard Ratio	Confidence Interval	P-value
Model 1*
Pb	2.02	1.27–3.22	0.003	3.37	1.29–8.79	0.01	1.92	1.11–3.32	0.02
Pf	0.84	0.56–1.25	0.38	0.61	0.27–1.41	0.25	0.84	0.53–1.34	0.47
Model 2†
Pb	2.42	1.51–3.87	<0.001	4.50	1.72–11.78	0.002	2.22	1.28–3.85	0.005
Pf	0.78	0.52–1.16	0.22	0.55	0.24–1.25	0.15	0.79	0.50–1.27	0.33
Model 3‡
Pb	1.81	1.03–3.16	0.04	2.92	0.89–9.62	0.08	1.86	0.97–3.58	0.06
Pf	0.71	0.45–1.14	0.16	0.50	0.19–1.35	0.17	0.70	0.41–1.21	0.20
Model 4§
Pb	2.18	1.21–3.92	0.009	4.20	1.20–14.69	0.03	2.17	1.10–4.26	0.03
Pf	0.56	0.35–0.92	0.02	0.35	0.12–0.98	0.05	0.57	0.33–1.01	0.05
Model 5||
Pb	2.03	1.08–3.81	0.03	5.02	1.29–19.42	0.02	1.85	0.89–3.84	0.10
Pf	0.55	0.32–0.93	0.03	0.25	0.08–0.78	0.02	0.61	0.33–1.13	0.11

^*Model 1 – unadjusted (n=5984, 617 total deaths)

^†Model 2 – adjusted for heart rate (n=5984, 617 total deaths)

^‡Model 3 – Model 2 + adjustment for age, gender, ethnicity, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, urinary albumin/Cr ratio, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, treatment with antihypertensive medications, treatment with statins, current smoking status, BMI, family history of myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, C-reactive protein, highest level of education, family income, alcohol use, total calories per day, percent of calories from fat, physical activity (n=4825, total 473 deaths)

^§Model 4 – Model 3 + adjustment for ankle-brachial index, maximum common carotid intima-media thickness, mean phantom-adjusted Agatston coronary calcium score, ascending thoracic aortic Agatston calcium score (n=4762, 464 deaths)

^||Model 5 – Model 4 + NT-pro-BNP (n=4005, total 394 deaths)