Table 2.
Correlations among Study Variables
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Gender | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| 2. Race | −.003 | 1 | |||||||||||||
| 3. CPC-Preschool | .08* | −.002 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| 4. CPC-Follow-up | .01 | .02 | .42*** | 1 | |||||||||||
| 5. Child Welfare History | −.06 | .03 | −.04 | −.003 | 1 | ||||||||||
| 6. Family Risk Index | .001 | .07* | .02 | −.02 | −.05 | 1 | |||||||||
| 7. Family Risk (w/missing) | .01 | .06 | .02 | −.02 | −.02 | −.003 | 1 | ||||||||
| 8. CE-A | −.01 | .02 | .04 | .05 | −.04 | −.13*** | −.07 | 1 | |||||||
| 9. CE-EA | −.002 | −.01 | .08* | .02 | .03 | −.01 | −.01 | .23*** | 1 | ||||||
| 10. Future Optimism | .09* | −.06 | .02 | −.03 | −.11* | −.10* | .04 | .15*** | .19*** | 1 | |||||
| 11. Prosocial Attitudes | .03 | .02 | −.01 | −.02 | .03 | .01 | −.01 | .03 | .16*** | .21*** | 1 | ||||
| 12. Life Satisfaction | .02 | −.06 | .002 | −.05 | −.01 | −.08* | .001 | .10** | .10** | .41*** | .19** | 1 | |||
| 13. Years of school | .18*** | −.10** | .06 | .08* | −.002 | −.22*** | −.01 | .18*** | .16*** | .29*** | .01 | .26*** | 1 | ||
| 14. Substance Use | −.03 | −.06 | −.01 | −.01 | .02 | .04 | .07* | .03 | −.02 | .08* | .09* | .08* | .02 | 1 | |
| 15. Arrest | −.01 | −.02 | .03 | .02 | .05 | −.01 | .03 | −.07 | .02 | .04 | .01 | .06 | .02 | .44*** | 1 |
| Mean | 1.74 | .70 | 3.40 | 3.47 | 3.17 | 12.33 | |||||||||
| Standard Deviation | 1.31 | .86 | .62 | .50 | 1.15 | 1.69 |
Note. Means and standard deviations are reported for all continuous variables. Child Welfare history= Any child welfare case histories before participation in CPC; Family Risk Index= Risk index when child aged 0–3; CPC-Preschool = Participation in CPC Preschool; CPC-Follow-up = Participation in CPC-follow-up; CE-A = Civic engagement in adolescence;
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001