Table 3.

Elemental composition (%) of phytoliths extracted from organs of different rice cultivars. Means with various letters are significantly different at the p < 0.05 level of confidence according to Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Rice cultivars	Rice organs	SiO2	Al	Mg	Fe	OC	H2Oa
		%
Xiushui-09	Grains	95.27 ± 1.93A	0.011 ± 0.007A	0.0050 ± 0.0004C	0.005 ± 0.001A	2.11 ± 0.12A	2.58 ± 1.73AB
Ning-81		95.08 ± 0.54A	0.011 ± 0.004A	0.0073 ± 0.0007AB	0.012 ± 0.001A	2.89 ± 0.84A	1.98 ± 0.76B
Xianghu-301		91.40 ± 1.02A	0.011 ± 0.003A	0.0058 ± 0.0003BC	0.007 ± 0.006A	2.35 ± 0.01A	6.21 ± 1.44A
Zhejing-37		95.74 ± 0.29A	0.022 ± 0.004A	0.0051 ± 0.0005C	0.014 ± 0.005A	2.32 ± 0.03A	1.87 ± 0.41B
Jiahua-11		96.07 ± 0.89A	0.016 ± 0.005A	0.0081 ± 0.0004A	0.018 ± 0.002A	2.62 ± 0.20A	1.24 ± 1.26B
Mean		94.71a	0.014b	0.0063ab	0.011ab	2.46a	2.78c
Xiushui-09	Sheath	93.16 ± 0.36A	0.048 ± 0.010A	0.0067 ± 0.0008B	0.014 ± 0.001A	2.03 ± 0.15A	4.69 ± 0.51AB
Ning-81		94.31 ± 0.15A	0.041 ± 0.002AB	0.0092 ± 0.0004A	0.012 ± 0.002A	1.96 ± 0.11A	3.62 ± 0.21B
Xianghu-301		91.34 ± 0.23A	0.028 ± 0.002B	0.0087 ± 0.0004A	0.013 ± 0.002A	2.05 ± 0.01A	6.52 ± 0.33A
Zhejing-37		92.31 ± 1.19A	0.055 ± 0.005A	0.0074 ± 0.0003AB	0.016 ± 0.002A	2.21 ± 0.11A	5.34 ± 1.68AB
Jiahua-11		91.40 ± 0.85B	0.043 ± 0.002AB	0.0091 ± 0.0004A	0.030 ± 0.001A	1.42 ± 0.17B	7.04 ± 1.20A
Mean		92.50b	0.043a	0.0082a	0.017a	1.93a	5.44c
Xiushui-09	Leaf	87.87 ± 2.50AB	0.036 ± 0.010A	0.0057 ± 0.0007B	0.016 ± 0.003AB	1.87 ± 0.31A	10.16 ± 3.54AB
Ning-81		93.54 ± 0.98A	0.052 ± 0.003A	0.0105 ± 0.0008A	0.022 ± 0.002A	2.45 ± 0.14A	3.86 ± 1.39B
Xianghu-301		83.22 ± 0.84B	0.043 ± 0.002A	0.0092 ± 0.0004A	0.011 ± 0.001A	2.21 ± 0.04A	14.46 ± 1.19A
Zhejing-37		87.83 ± 1.87AB	0.034 ± 0.009A	0.0050 ± 0.0004B	0.012 ± 0.003AB	2.57 ± 0.15A	9.51 ± 2.64AB
Jiahua-11		89.87 ± 2.43AB	0.034 ± 0.004A	0.0042 ± 0.0004B	0.009 ± 0.004B	2.30 ± 0.04A	7.75 ± 3.44AB
Mean		88.47c	0.040 a	0.0069a	0.014ab	2.28a	9.15b
Xiushui-09	Stem	80.22 ± 1.63C	0.009 ± 0.005A	0.0053 ± 0.0001A	0.005 ± 0.002B	2.11 ± 0.12C	17.64 ± 2.31A
Ning-81		82.14 ± 2.75BC	0.013 ± 0.004A	0.0047 ± 0.0003B	0.010 ± 0.001AB	1.85 ± 0.16C	15.96 ± 3.89AB
Xianghu-301		80.75 ± 0.52BC	0.013 ± 0.002A	0.0041 ± 0.0004B	0.010 ± 0.001AB	3.36 ± 0.04A	15.84 ± 0.74AB
Zhejing-37		84.74 ± 1.68AB	0.009 ± 0.005A	0.0037 ± 0.0004B	0.007 ± 0.001AB	2.21 ± 0.11C	13.02 ± 2.38AB
Jiahua-11		87.37 ± 0.12A	0.015 ± 0.005A	0.0039 ± 0.0004B	0.012 ± 0.002A	2.73 ± 0.15B	9.85 ± 0.17B
Mean		83.04c	0.012b	0.0043b	0.009b	2.45a	14.46a

Different lower case and uppercase letters indicate significant differences among the stands in rice organs and rice cultivars.

^aAccording to the following equation to estimate the content of H₂O in phytoliths. H₂O = 100-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Fe₂O₃-MgO-OC.