Table 7. Hospital outpatient department charges and costs, by hospital type: 1987.

Hospital type	Number of hospitals	Number of claims	Average total charge	Average total cost	Ratio of cost to charge	Average wage-adjusted total cost1	Coefficient of variation of wage-adjusted total cost	Average wage-adjusted outlier percent
All hospitals	5,207	469,986	$161.72	$95.46	0.59	$93.39	1.83	3.2
Census division
New England	231	42,393	131.16	86.87	0.66	83.46	1.80	3.0
Mid-Atlantic	521	77,733	150.90	94.14	0.62	88.11	1.91	2.9
South-Atlantic	770	78,789	171.23	96.26	0.56	100.07	1.79	3.4
East North Central	816	94,287	153.88	96.55	0.63	92.96	1.85	3.3
East South Central	459	32,295	151.97	75.38	0.50	83.94	1.83	2.2
West North Central	734	36,114	155.04	95.40	0.62	98.63	1.80	3.7
West South Central	744	34,617	177.65	96.25	0.54	101.85	1.68	3.7
Mountain	336	20,100	151.97	90.53	0.60	89.02	1.69	3.1
Pacific	596	53,658	205.70	114.49	0.56	98.14	1.93	3.0
Bed size
50 or fewer	1,624	40,842	97.17	60.25	0.62	63.80	1.83	2.4
51-100	1,178	63,945	134.73	76.21	0.57	79.23	1.83	2.0
101-250	1,539	170,062	163.69	93.27	0.57	91.82	1.80	2.6
251-350	464	85,855	175.35	102.57	0.58	98.22	1.81	3.3
351-500	294	70,883	192.14	118.06	0.61	112.35	1.82	4.9
501 or more	108	38,399	186.03	121.33	0.65	113.06	1.76	5.0
Urban-rural status
Rural	2,552	126,150	128.63	74.32	0.58	82.50	1.82	2.5
Urban	2,655	343,836	173.86	103.21	0.59	97.38	1.83	3.4
Other urban	1,437	179,540	168.79	99.26	0.59	98.52	1.82	3.6
Large urban	1,218	164,296	179.39	107.53	0.60	96.14	1.84	3.2
Teaching status
Non-teaching	4,288	277,578	158.87	89.78	0.57	90.70	1.78	2.7
Teaching	919	192,408	165.98	103.88	0.63	97.39	1.90	3.8
Minor teaching	737	132,556	178.39	107.69	0.60	102.39	1.81	3.9
Major teaching	182	59,852	137.83	95.25	0.69	86.04	2.10	3.6
Disproportionate-share hospital (DSH) status
Non-DSH	4,049	326,629	162.42	95.77	0.59	95.09	1.80	3.1
DSH	1,158	143,357	160.12	94.74	0.59	89.52	1.91	3.4
Sole community hospital (SCH) status
Non-SCH	4,876	454,033	162.84	96.09	0.59	93.82	1.84	3.2
SCH	331	15,953	129.76	77.41	0.60	80.96	1.74	2.3
Rural referral center (RRC) status
Non-RRC	5,026	445,104	161.68	95.48	0.59	92.70	1.83	3.1
RRC	181	24,882	162.32	94.98	0.59	105.71	1.83	3.6
Type of control
Voluntary, non-profit	2,955	339,265	168.06	101.69	0.61	98.19	1.83	3.3
Proprietary	1,015	50,393	168.03	77.94	0.46	80.06	1.78	1.9
Government or other2	1,237	80,328	130.99	80.11	0.61	81.47	1.86	3.4

¹Adjusted using the 1987 Health Care Financing Administration area wage index.

²The number of hospitals in this category: non-Federal Government 1,194: Federal Government 35; and other 8.

NOTE: Averages are weighted by number of claims in hospital.

SOURCES: Health Care Financing Administration: Hospital Outpatient Bill file, Part B Medicare Annual Data file, Hospital Cost Reporting Information System file, Wage Index file, and Provider-Specific file, all 1987; American Hospital Association: Annual Survey of Hospitals file, 1987; data development by the Urban Institute.