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. 2014 Oct 10;5:1118. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01118

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Copyright © 2014 Ravignani, Bowling and Fitch.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Agent based simulation of 3 individuals calling over six time periods (based on the model in Ravignani, 2014). Phases’ onsets of calls are depicted on top as time series. Time periods are separated by vertical lines, with the equivalent polar representation below each period. During the first time period, individuals listen to each other, so to shift their calls’ onset in the second period, repeating this strategy over time. The blue and green individuals will alternate as leader and follower over time periods; the red individual’s best strategy is, in this example, to keep its call onset constant over time periods. The agents will have reached almost perfect synchrony by period 6.