Table 2.
Histological and Immunohistochemical studies in Contact Dermatitis
| Subjects | Contact agents | Total number of inflammatory cells in dermis (mm2) | DERMIS | |||||
| Number of leukocytes (%) | CCL21 expression in LEC* | |||||||
| Normal skin | Inflamed skin | Perivascular infiltrate | Non-perivascular infiltrate | |||||
| MC | PC | MC | PC | |||||
| Control skin | ||||||||
| Normal skin from all patients | - | - | ND | ND | ND | ND | 1 | |
| GN | Patch alone | 436 | 468 | 224 (47.9) | 96 (20.5) | 76 (16.2) | 72 (15.4) | 1 |
| Haptens | ||||||||
| PF | Nickel | 117 | 652 | 512 (78.5) | 16 (2.4) | 104 (16.0) | 20 (3.1) | 3 |
| GL | Peru Balsam | 44 | 1104 | 496 (44.9) | 60 (5.4) | 448 (40.6) | 100 (9.1) | 3 |
| Chemical irritants | ||||||||
| RL | SLS 10% | 292 | 988 | 152 (15.4) | 392 (39.7) | 43 (4.4) | 404 (40.9) | 2 |
| EY | Toluene | 568 | 1200 | 468 (39.0) | 168 (14.0) | 168 (14.0) | 396 (33.0) | 3 |
| AR | Trichloroacetic acid | 432 | 952 | 300 (31.5) | 132 (13.9) | 48 (5.0) | 472 (49.6) | 2 |
| CL | Sodium Hypochlorite | 540 | 948 | 108 (11.4) | 160 (16.9) | 96 (10.1) | 584 (61.6) | 3 |
| SD | Salicylic Acid | 324 | 608 | 276 (45.4) | 116 (19.1) | 32 (5.3) | 184 (30.3) | 2 |
| CM | Sodium Hydroxide | 616 | 1108 | 40 (3.6) | 236 (21.3) | 60 (5.4) | 776 (70.0) | 2 |
| PC | Glycolic Acid | 688 | 1768 | 191 (10.8) | 1093 (61.8) | 19 (1.1) | 463 (26.2) | 2 |
| KM | Benzalkonium chloride | 488 | 1268 | 416 (32.8) | 634 (5.0) | 112 (8.8) | 676 (53.3) | 3 |
| Physical irritants | ||||||||
| KR | Tape striping | 352 | 988 | 268 (27.1) | 232 (23.5) | 108 (10.9) | 380 (38.5) | 1 |
| EE | Liquid Nitrogen | 192 | 1824 | 111 (6.1) | 396 (21.7) | 77 (4.2) | 1240 (68.0) | 3 |
| MA | Rue + UVA | 304 | 344 | 184 (53.5) | 48 (13.9) | 8 (2.3) | 104 (30.2) | 3 |
| Statistical differences caused by exposure to irritant agents (p values) | p < 0.05 | p > 0.05 | p < 0.05 | |||||
| KINETIC STUDY | ||||||||
| AJ-10 h | SLS 10% | 204 | 372 | 132 (35.5) | 80 (21.5) | 44 (11.8) | 120 (32.2) | 2 |
| AJ-48 h | SLS 10% | 204 | 1032 | 548 (53.1) | 124 (12.0) | 124 (12.0) | 236 (22.9) | 3 |
| AJ-96 h | SLS 10% | 204 | 308 | 80 (62.5) | 4 (3.1) | 36 (28.1) | 8 (6.2) | 1 |
| AJ-168 h | SLS 10% | 204 | 456 | 512 (78.5) | 16 (2.4) | 104 (15.9) | 20 (3.1) | 1 |
*CCL21 expression was semi-quantified as 0 = negative; 1 = weak; 2 = moderate; 3 = strong. Abbreviations: SLS, sodium lauryl sulphate; MC, mononuclear cells; PC, polymorphonuclear cells; ND, not done.