Table 8. Determinants of Access and Satisfaction Within the Mentally and Physically Disabled Medicare Population.
| Characteristic | Probability of Having a Usual Source of Care | Probability of Having a Physician's Office as the Usual Source1 | Probability of Having Unmet Need | Satisfaction With Overall Quality of Care | Satisfaction With the Out-of-Pocket Costs of Care | Satisfaction With the Availability of After-Hours Care2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 1.5625 (1.6814) |
0.4203 (1.2773) |
-1.9545 (1.2252) |
-1.382 (1.4888) |
1.3304 (1.0646) |
0.7248 (1.8378) |
| Disability Status (Mental Disability Omitted | ||||||
| Ever Told They Had a Mental Disorder | 0.1066 (0.3135) |
0.2399 (0.2225) |
***-0.7520 (0.2145) |
0.1620 (0.2545) |
0.2941 (0.1877) |
0.3026 (0.2676) |
| Specified Condition | 0.3686 (0.3019) |
**0.4553 (0.1835) |
***-0.7271 (0.1816) |
***0.6794 (0.2544) |
0.3037 (0.1836) |
***0.6552 (0.2105) |
| Unspecified Condition |
*-0.3476 (0.1961) |
***0.6546 (0.1940) |
***-0.8230 (0.1833) |
***0.9386 (0.2638) |
*0.3115 (0.1712) |
**0.6684 (0.2649) |
| Age | 0.0057 (0.0679) |
-0.0080 (0.0480) |
0.0566 (0.0476) |
0.0758 (0.0597) |
*-0.0832 (0.0439) |
0.0074 (0.0720) |
| Age-Squared | 0.0003 (0.0008) |
0.0001 (0.0005) |
-0.0007 (0.0005) |
-0.0006 (0.0006) |
**0.0010 (0.0005) |
0.0000 (0.0008) |
| Sex (Female Omitted) | ||||||
| Male |
***-0.6995 (0.2207) |
***-0.4473 (0.1069) |
**-0.3634 (0.1393) |
0.0203 (0.1634) |
**0.2440 (0.1191) |
0.0583 (0.1556) |
| Race/Ethnicity (White Omitted) | ||||||
| Black | 0.3726 (0.2864) |
***-0.6314 (0.1865) |
-0.0856 (0.1874) |
-0.3370 (0.2067) |
-0.0504 (0.1604) |
0.3132 (0.2541) |
| Hispanic | -0.4108 (0.3986) |
0.2215 (0.2793) |
0.1287 (0.2639) |
-0.5754 (0.3573) |
0.2012 (0.2510) |
0.2187 (0.3965) |
| Other/Unknown | -0.6385 (0.4456) |
-0.3236 (0.4380) |
**0.7617 (0.3816) |
-0.7850 (0.5894) |
0.4890 (0.4404) |
-0.1539 (0.5795) |
| Educational Status (More than 12 Years omitted | ||||||
| Less Than 12 Years | -0.2271 (0.2704) |
***0.5094 (0.1780) |
-0.1097 (0.2231) |
-0.1678 (0.2420) |
0.0367 (0.1428) |
***0.6322 (0.2141) |
| 12 Years | -0.3144 (0.2639) |
***0.5015 (0.1778) |
0.0342 (0.1843) |
0.0732 (0.2320) |
0.2051 (0.1657) |
**0.4609 (0.2152) |
| Living Arrangement (Alone Omitted) | ||||||
| With Spouse | -0.1055 (0.2813) |
**0.5166 (0.2114) |
0.1510 (0.2142) |
0.3852 (0.2480) |
-0.1893 (0.1989) |
-0.1031 (0.2380) |
| With Other (Including Children) | 0.2014 (0.2285) |
0.0968 (0.1611) |
***-0.5040 (0.1499) |
**0.4183 (0.2021) |
0.2398 (0.1707) |
0.0737 (0.2376) |
| Income (More than $35,000 Omitted) | ||||||
| Less Than $10,000 | -0.5625 (0.5317) |
-0.2602 (0.3510) |
***1.2783 (0.4157) |
-0.1425 (0.3761) |
**-0.7062 (0.3170) |
*-1.0005 (0.5659) |
| $10,001-$20,000 | 0.1471 (0.5430) |
*-0.5722 (0.3433) |
***1.2987 (0.3932) |
0.0229 (0.4112) |
**-0.6826 (0.3029) |
-0.8786 (0.5389) |
| $20,001-$35,000 | 0.5931 (0.6454) |
-0.5992 (0.3758) |
0.5923 (0.4183) |
0.0953 (0.3928) |
-0.0726 (0.3464) |
-0.2269 (0.5464) |
| Supplemental Insurance Coverage (None omitted) | ||||||
| Medicaid |
**0.5455 (0.2324) |
0.2234 (0.1669) |
***-0.8880 (0.2247) |
0.3907 (0.2452) |
***1.3435 (0.1605) |
0.1162 (0.2197) |
| Private | 0.4544 (0.2819) |
***0.7281 (0.1878) |
***-0.6552 (0.1680) |
0.0073 (0.2022) |
0.2076 (0.1583) |
0.0661 (0.2390) |
| Other/Combined |
*0.7055 (0.3932) |
***0.5637 (0.2109) |
**-0.5333 (0.2349) |
*0.6105 (0.3554) |
***0.8596 (0.2639) |
0.2862 (0.3538) |
| Perceived Health Status (Poor Omitted) | ||||||
| Excellent |
*-0.6962 (0.3961) |
-0.4612 (0.2800) |
*-0.7421 (0.3819) |
*0.9554 (0.5225) |
***1.1013 (0.3555) |
0.8326 (0.5305) |
| Very Good |
***-1.3040 (0.3550) |
0.3570 (0.2390) |
**-0.7099 (0.2713) |
0.5544 (0.3889) |
***0.8321 (0.2415) |
**0.9227 (0.4577) |
| Good | -0.2758 (0.2979) |
-0.2169 (0.2044) |
***-0.6410 (0.2042) |
*0.5763 (0.2931) |
***0.5656 (0.2056) |
***0.8394 (0.2542) |
| Fair | -0.3726 (0.2616) |
-0.1151 (0.1578) |
**-0.4243 (0.1645) |
***0.5874 (0.1651) |
***0.4501 (0.1481) |
**0.4938 (0.2079) |
| Level of Dependency (No ADLs or IADLs omitted) | ||||||
| 1 ADL Only | 0.1808 (0.2833) |
0.0789 (0.2015) |
-0.2073 (0.2629) |
-0.2260 (0.3325) |
**0.4850 (0.2070) |
0.0632 (0.3314) |
| 1-2 ADLs | 0.1132 (0.2648) |
-0.0474 (0.2361) |
*0.4831 (0.2542) |
***-0.8607 (0.3003) |
-0.2193 (0.1950) |
-0.0376 (0.2775) |
| 3-4 ADLs | 0.2305 (0.3946) |
-0.0860 (0.2669) |
***0.9047 (0.2518) |
**-0.7666 (0.3556) |
***-0.5977 (0.2045) |
-0.0423 (0.3070) |
| 5-6 ADLs | 0.3291 (0.5388) |
-0.0399 (0.2816) |
**0.7383 (0.3279) |
***-1.0684 (0.3622) |
**-0.5900 (0.2347) |
**-0.7023 (0.3219) |
| Limit of Health on Social Activities (All of the Time Omitted) | ||||||
| None of the Time | 0.2270 (0.3359) |
**-0.5614 (0.2157) |
-0.2602 (0.2740) |
***1.0482 (0.3159) |
0.0481 (0.1809) |
***0.7248 (0.3194) |
| Some of the Time | 0.2124 (0.2790) |
-0.2815 (0.1915) |
0.2961 (0.1966) |
*0.3965 (0.2084) |
***-0.3357 (0.1257) |
0.1042 (0.2053) |
| Census Division (Pacific Omitted) | ||||||
| New England |
***1.0197 (0.3404) |
0.2281 (0.4273) |
0.5040 (0.4847) |
0.7795 (0.6250) |
-0.0258 (0.2587) |
0.3991 (0.8041) |
| Mid-Atlantic | 0.5352 (0.3360) |
**0.7030 (0.2822) |
-0.2125 (0.2596) |
0.0366 (0.4129) |
0.1278 (0.2706) |
**-0.8477 (0.4273) |
| East North Central |
**0.8745 (0.3513) |
-0.2146 (0.3274) |
-0.0850 (0.3012) |
0.1334 (0.3613) |
-0.2034 (0.2758) |
-0.2887 (0.3917) |
| West North Central | 0.2631 (0.5098) |
-0.7585 (0.5713) |
0.0025 (0.3010) |
0.1290 (0.5336) |
-0.1121 (0.3850) |
-0.0373 (0.5736) |
| South Atlantic | 0.2824 (0.2993) |
**0.7283 (0.3032) |
0.0864 (0.2351) |
-0.0767 (0.3653) |
0.0124 (0.2568) |
-0.3564 (0.3996) |
| East South Central |
*0.6180 (0.3299) |
*0.6621 (0.3618) |
-0.0607 (0.2273) |
0.5510 (0.4176) |
0.0542 (0.3207) |
0.4912 (0.4757) |
| West South Central | 0.0348 (0.3369) |
0.1212 (0.3059) |
0.1998 (0.2256) |
0.3652 (0.3986) |
0.3050 (0.2793) |
-0.6671 (0.4813) |
| Mountain | 0.7571 (0.6714) |
-0.0563 (0.5898) |
0.3179 (0.3929) |
0.6936 (0.4473) |
0.0031 (0.3812) |
-0.3169 (0.5076) |
| Urban/Rural Location (Rural Omitted) | ||||||
| Urban | 0.1063 (0.2279) |
**-0.4658 (0.1802) |
-0.0934 (0.1260) |
-0.0494 (0.1753) |
0.1161 (0.1485) |
-0.0366 (0.1888) |
| N | 1,686 | 1,523 | 1,692 | 1,690 | 1,691 | 1,112 |
| Minus Log Likelihood | 440.96 | 902.02 | 818.74 | 561.79 | 1,003.49 | 495.79 |
| Multiple R-Squared | 0.0748 | 0.1317 | 0.1415 | 0.0774 | 0.1487 | 0.1012 |
1
Conditional upon having a regular source.
2
Includes those who reported any experence with this dimension.
***
Statistically significant at the 0.01 level.
**
Statistically significant at the 0.05 level.
*
Statistically significant at the 0.10 level.
NOTE: Standard errors are in parentheses.
SOURCE: Health Care Financing Administration, Office of the Actuary: Data from Round 1 of the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey; data analysis by the Center for Health Economics Research, Waltham, MA.