Figure 1. Elemental biochemical processes involved in the energy status of cells.

The synthesis sources of ATP are coupled to energy-consumption processes through a network of enzymatic reactions which, interconverting ATP, ADP and AMP, shapes a permanent cycle of synthesis-degradation for the adenine nucleotides. This dynamic functional structure defines the elemental processes of the adenylate energy network, a thermodynamically open system able to accept, store, and supply energy to cells.