Figure 11.

GBM data analysis for PNJGL with q = 2. The sample covariance matrices S¹ and S² were generated from samples with two cancer subtypes, with sizes n₁ = 53 and n₂ = 56. Only the 34 genes contained in the Reactome “TCR Signaling” pathway were included in this analysis. Of these genes, three are frequently mutated in GBM: PTEN, PIK3R1, and PIK3CA. These three genes correspond to the last three columns in the matrices displayed (columns 32 through 34). PNJGL was performed with λ₁ = 0 and λ₂ = 2. We display (a): the estimated matrix Θ̂¹; (b): the estimated matrix Θ̂²; and (c): the difference matrix Θ̂¹ − Θ̂². The gene PTEN is identified as perturbed.