Table 1.

Characteristics of NHANES 2005–2010 participants included in the analysis.

	Overall		Males		Females
	N	Weighted mean or frequency	N	Weighted mean or frequency	N	Weighted mean or frequency
Age (years)	2398	55.9	1194	55.3	1204	56.4
Race/ethnicity (%)
Non-Hispanic White	1339	78.4	673	37.0	666	41.5
Non-Hispanic Black	434	8.9	225	4.0	209	4.9
Mexican American	347	4.9	167	2.5	180	2.4
Other	278	7.7	129	3.5	149	4.2
Education (%)
Less than 9th grade	302	6.4	143	3.0	159	3.4
9–11th grade	353	10.6	184	5.2	169	5.4
High School Grad/GED	558	24.8	294	12.5	264	12.3
Some College or AA degree	647	28.9	307	12.9	340	16.0
College Grad or Above	538	29.3	266	13.3	272	16.0
BMI (kg/m2)	2398	28.3	1194	28.2	1204	28.4
Smoking Status (%)
Never	1185	49.5	457	19.1	728	30.4
Former	735	20.0	467	23.6	268	15.5
Pack-years
0.1–20	449	63.0	269	32.4	180	30.7
20+	271	34.7	192	22.5	790	12.2
Current	478	29.1	270	32.6	208	24.9
Pack-years
0.1–20	224	40.5	113	19.0	111	21.5
20+	254	59.5	157	35.4	97	24.0
Hypertension (%)	1028	38.5	507	17.2	521	21.3
Diabetes status (%)
No diabetes	1191	55.8	552	25.3	639	30.5
Prediabetes	1207	44.2	642	21.6	565	22.6
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	1101	99.7	546	102.0	555	97.7
2 h OGTT (mmol/L)	967	112.9	485	111.5	482	114.1
% Hemoglobin A1c	2396	5.5	1194	5.4	1202	5.5
Urine Cd (μg/g creatinine)	2398	0.4	1194	0.4	1204	0.5