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. 2014 Oct 13;4:6590. doi: 10.1038/srep06590

Figure 5. Quantitative behavioral analysis of LMAN lesioned and control birds.

Figure 5

(a), Syllable repetitions in LMAN lesioned and control birds that repeated a syllable at the end of their undirected motif before lesion (n = 3 lesioned/4 sham control birds). Abbreviations for time points on x-axis are w-week and m-month; minus signs indicate recording times before surgery. Values are means ± SEM. Statistical differences were assessed by ANOVA followed by Fisher’s PLSD post hoc test. (b), Song sequence changes expressed as linearity, consistency, and stereotypy of LMAN lesioned (n = 5) and control (n = 12) birds before and 3 months after surgery. Both groups included a mixture of birds with song variants that contained no syllable repetition or repetition at the beginning or middle of the song (circles), or at the the end (squares). The color matched stars represent statistical significant simple regressions; slopes of LMAN and control curves were compared using ANCOVA (no significant differences were found). * p<0.05, *** p<0.001.