Table 1. Variable Definitions and Sample Characteristics.
| Variable Name | Definition | Full Sample | Enrolled in QMB | Not Enrolled in QMB | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Mean | Standard Deviation | Mean | Standard Deviation | Mean | Standard Deviation | ||
| QMB Enrollment* | 1 if Enrolled in QMB, 0 Otherwise | 0.43 | 0.50 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Female* | 1 if Respondent Is Female, 0 Otherwise | 0.74 | 0.44 | 0.78 | 0.42 | 0.71 | 0.45 |
| Male* | 1 if Respondent is Male, 0 Otherwise | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.29 | 0.45 |
| Black* | 1 if Respondent is Black, 0 Otherwise | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.19 | 0.40 |
| Hispanic* | 1 if Respondent is Hispanic, 0 Otherwise | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.09 | 0.28 |
| White* | 1 if Respondent is White, Not Hispanic, 0 Otherwise | 0.66 | 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.73 | 0.45 |
| Income | Yearly Family Income | $1,269 | $1,730 | $1,177 | $1,721 | $1,339 | $1,735 |
| Age | Age in Years | 77.5 | 7.81 | 77.6 | 7.89 | 77.4 | 7.77 |
| Education | Years of Education | 8.25 | 3.70 | 7.34 | 3.57 | 8.94 | 3.75 |
| Own Home* | 1 if Respondent Owns Home, 0 Otherwise | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.55 | 0.50 |
| Rent Home* | 1 if Respondent Rents Home, 0 Otherwise | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.50 | 0.23 | 0.42 |
| Live With Others* | 1 if Respondent Lives in Someone Else's Home, 0 Otherwise | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0.29 | 0.45 | 0.22 | 0.42 |
| Excellent/Very Good Health* | 1 if Respondent Is in Excellent or Very Good Health, 0 Otherwise | 0.30 | 0.46 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.37 | 0.48 |
| Good Health* | 1 if Respondent Is in Good Health, 0 Otherwise | 0.27 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.44 | 0.27 | 0.45 |
| Fair/Poor Health* | 1 if Respondent Is in Fair or Poor Health, 0 Otherwise | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.50 | 0.37 | 0.48 |
| ADLs | Number of Reported Restrictions in ADLs | 0.42 | 1.07 | 0.60 | 1.24 | 0.29 | 0.90 |
| Any Part B MD Charges* | 1 if Respondent Had Any Part B Charges for Doctor Services, 0 Otherwise | 0.78 | 0.42 | 0.85 | 0.36 | 0.72 | 0.45 |
| Any Part B Charges* | 1 if Respondent Had Any Part B Charges, 0 Otherwise | 0.78 | 0.41 | 0.86 | 0.35 | 0.72 | 0.45 |
| Any Part A Charges* | 1 if Respondent Had Any Part A Charges, 0 Otherwise | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 0.16 | 0.37 |
| Part B MD Charges | Total Part B Charges for Doctor Services, Given Positive Charges | $2,964 | $5,713 | $3,378 | $4,882 | $2,592 | $6,347 |
| Part B Charges | Total Part B Charges, Given Positive Charges | $3,967 | $7,229 | $ 4,549 | $6,559 | $3,444 | $7,752 |
| Part A Charges | Total Part A Charges, Given Positive Charges | $16,065 | $21,476 | $16,023 | $16,483 | $16,101 | $29,065 |
| Number of Observations | — | 1,400 | — | 605 | — | 795 | — |
*
Indicator variable.
NOTES: QMB is qualified Medicare beneficiary. MD is medical doctor. ADLs is activities of daily living.
SOURCE: Parente, S., and Evans, W., Project HOPE, Bethesda, MD, 1999.