Table 1. Characteristics of 4,392 Cardiovascular Health Study Participants, According to Usual Baseline Alcohol Consumption.
| Characteristic | Weekly Number of Drinks | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| None | Former | ≤1 | >1-6 | >6-13 | >13 | |
| Number | 1,764 | 347 | 1,115 | 575 | 252 | 339 |
| Age (Years) | 73.3 ±5.7 | 72.5 ±5.5 | 72.8 ±5.5 | 72.2 ±5.1 | 73.4 ±5.7 | 72.3 ±4.9 |
| Male (Percent) | 31 | 63 | 39 | 56 | 60 | 60 |
| Black Population (Percent) | 6 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 5 | 8 |
| Pack-Years of Smoking | 12 ±22 | 30 ±33 | 18 ±26 | 22 ±27 | 23 ±29 | 32 ±32 |
| Body-Mass Index (kg/m2) | 26.8 ±4.9 | 26.6 ±5.0 | 26.5 ±4.6 | 26.4 ±4.1 | 25.3 ±3.5 | 25.4 ±3.6 |
| Health Group | ||||||
| Healthy (Percent) | 46 | 36 | 48 | 51 | 48 | 53 |
| Impaired CVD (Percent) | 30 | 30 | 28 | 24 | 31 | 27 |
| CVD (Percent) | 24 | 33 | 24 | 25 | 22 | 20 |
| Social Support Score | 8.2 ±2.6 | 8.7 ±2.9 | 8.2 ±2.5 | 8.3 ±2.5 | 8.2 ±2.6 | 8.2 ±2.5 |
| Social Network Score | 33.8 ±6.2 | 33.5 ±6.3 | 34.1 ±6.2 | 34.1 ±6.5 | 34.1 ±6.1 | 33.6 ±6.4 |
| Depression Score | 4.9 ±4.8 | 5.2 ±4.8 | 4.7 ±4.4 | 4.2 ±4.2 | 3.7 ±3.4 | 4.0 ±4.2 |
| 5-Year Medicare Costs ($1,000) | ||||||
| All Participants | 14.1 ±20.2 | 20.9 ±25.6 | 15.4 ±22.9 | 13.9 ±17.0 | 15.3 ±22.8 | 14.3 ±19.1 |
| Males | 17.6 ±23.1 | 21.6 ±26.2 | 19.9 ±24.9 | 16.0 ±18.6 | 18.3 ±26.7 | 15.5 ±21.0 |
| Females | 12.5 ±18.6 | 19.9 ±24.6 | 12.4 ±21.0 | 11.3 ±14.3 | 10.8 ±14.2 | 12.4 ±15.7 |
| Healthy | 11.0 ±17.4 | 15.3 ±21.0 | 11.4 ±16.4 | 10.9 ±15.5 | 13.8 ±23.9 | 11.2 ±15.5 |
| Impaired, No CVD | 14.9 ±21.3 | 20.5 ±28.4 | 15.8 ±20.8 | 14.5 ±17.4 | 15.2 ±22.7 | 15.1 ±18.7 |
| CVD | 22.1 ±26.5 | 29.2 ±27.1 | 23.5 ±32.6 | 19.8 ±19.4 | 22.1 ±24.0 | 21.7 ±23.7 |
NOTES: Mean values and standard deviations are shown for continuous variables. CVD is cardiovascular disease.
SOURCE: Kenneth J. Mukamal, M.D., M.P.H., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, 2006.