. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 13.

Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Psychol. 2011 May 16;120(4):999–1005. doi: 10.1037/a0023666

Table 1.

Evaluation of Urges, Positive Affect, and Negative Affect Ratings During Acute Withdrawal After Overnight Abstinence and in Reaction to Smoking One Standard Cigarette (n = 174)

Instrument	After overnight abstinence (B1)					Changes after the first cigarette (B2–B1)
Instrument	Mean	SD	Urge	Positive	Negative	Mean	SD	Urge	Positive	Negative
Covariate
Female	(55%)		0.11^a	0.03^a	0.31^a,^*			0.10^a	0.26^a	0.00^a
FTND	6.80	2.69	0.39^**	−0.28^**	0.01			−0.30^**	0.08	0.02
Baseline Affect (B0)
PANAS Positive	32.50	7.68	0.15^*	0.18^*	−0.15^*			0.05	0.14	0.04
PANAS Negative	14.65	5.29	0.10	−0.13^*	0.48^**			−0.01	0.04	−0.12
Cigarette Challenge Rating
Urge to Smoke	5.89	2.93				−3.74^**	3.15	−0.47^**
Positive Affect	5.47	1.70	−0.23^**			0.20	1.62	−0.06	−0.27^**
Negative Affect	1.38	1.59	0.22^**	−0.29^**		0.06	1.32	0.13	−0.22^**	−0.39^**

Note. Means, standard deviations, standardized mean differences, and Pearson correlations are presented.

Effect size estimate (Cohen’s d).

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.