Table 1. The variability and average content of PAHs.
The range and average content of PAHs in sewage sludge in both locations [μmol/kg) | The range and average content of PAHs in the foliage of Phragmites communis growing on sewage sludge in both locations [μmol/kg] | The range and average content of PAHs in the foliage of Polygonum persicaria growing on sewage sludge in both locations [μmol/kg] | The range and average content of PAHs in the foliage of Bidens tripartita growing on sewage sludge in both locations [μmol/kg] | |||||||||||||
PAH | mean | mean±SD | Range (min-max) | mean±SD | Range (min-max) | mean | mean±SD | Range (min-max) | mean | mean±SD | Range (min-max) | |||||
L1 | L2 | Both locations | L1 | L2 | Both locations | L1 | L2 | Both locations | L1 | L2 | Both locations | |||||
Frn | 0.5 | 0.34 | 0.417±0.262 | 0.003–0.952 | 0.0963 | 0.0995 | 0.098±0.051 | 0.029–0.209 | 0.1395 | 0.1023 | 0.116±0.055 | 0.064–0.213 | 0.1564 | 0.0729 | 0.123±0.083 | 0.022–0.251 |
Ph | 2.32 | 1.43 | 1.856±1.04 | 0.372–4.105 | 0.2055 | 0.3411 | 0.299±0.314 | 0.137–1.458 | 0.2713 | 0.2852 | 0.28±0.077 | 0.182–0.416 | 0.2791 | 0.3191 | 0.295±0.063 | 0.212–0.36 |
A | 0.52 | 0.30 | 0.404±0.327 | 0.109–1.362 | 0.0163 | 0.0187 | 0.018±0.010 | 0.009–0.036 | 0.0189 | 0.0164 | 0.017±0.007 | 0.008–0.029 | 0.0164 | 0.0228 | 0.019±0.01 | 0.01–0.032 |
Ftn | 4.01 | 3.14 | 3.558±1.745 | 0.706–7.043 | 0.1073 | 0.1206 | 0.116±0.025a | 0.061–0.161 | 0.1525 | 0.1584 | 0.156±0.052ab | 0.084–0.256 | 0.1674 | 0.1736 | 0.170±0.033b | 0.136–0.217 |
P | 2.94 | 2.1 | 2.503±1.457 | 0.628–5.671 | 0.0617 | 0.0686 | 0.066±0.025 | 0.031–0.113 | 0.0971 | 0.0721 | 0.081±0.039 | 0.041–0.179 | 0.0875 | 0.1034 | 0.094±0.019 | 0.069–0.114 |
BaA | 1.23 | 1.2 | 1.215±0.979 | 0.225–3.053 | 0.0050 | 0.0076 | 0.007±0.004 | 0.002–0.015 | 0.0096 | 0.0097 | 0.01±0.004 | 0.006–0.018 | 0.0119 | 0.0100 | 0.011±0.004 | 0.007–0.017 |
Ch | 1.64 | 1.59 | 1.614±1.214 | 0.23–3.799 | 0.0126 | 0.0214 | 0.019±0.015 | 0.007–0.073 | 0.0273 | 0.0190 | 0.022±0.011 | 0.012–0.049 | 0.0151 | 0.0254 | 0.019±0.009 | 0.009–0.029 |
BbF | 1.85 | 2.1 | 1.981±1.034 | 0.36–3.801 | 0.0071 | 0.0187 | 0.010±0.004 | 0.004–0.018 | 0.0202 | 0.0130 | 0.016±0.01 | 0.008–0.041 | 0.0082 | 0.0132 | 0.01±0.003 | 0.007–0.014 |
BkF | 0.7 | 0.91 | 0.811±0.507 | 0.153–1.937 | 0.0034 | 0.0049 | 0.004±0.002 | 0.002–0.007 | 0.0280 | 0.0064 | 0.014±0.025 | 0.002–0.087 | 0.0038 | 0.0054 | 0.004±0.001 | 0.003–0.006 |
BaP | 1.52 | 1.83 | 1.679±0.924 | 0.266–3.256 | 0.0051 | 0.0073 | 0.007±0.004 | 0.002–0.012 | 0.0133 | 0.0097 | 0.011±0.006 | 0.006–0.026 | 0.0058 | 0.0103 | 0.008±0.003 | 0.003–0.011 |
DahA | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.342±0.314 | 0.026–1.163 | 0.0014 | 0.0027 | 0.002±0.001 | 0.001–0.006 | 0.0042 | 0.0021 | 0.003±0.004 | 0.000–0.014 | 0.0023 | 0.0020 | 0.002±0.002 | 0.001–0.004 |
BghiP | 1.47 | 1.49 | 1.48±0.764 | 0.228–2.839 | 0.0025 | 0.0057 | 0.005±0.003 | 0.001–0.012 | 0.0096 | 0.0067 | 0.008±0.005 | 0.003–0.018 | 0.0057 | 0.0039 | 0.005±0.002 | 0.003–0.009 |
IP | 1.2 | 1.43 | 1.32±0.691 | 0.217–2.583 | 0.0025 | 0.0050 | 0.004±0.002 | 0.001–0.009 | 0.0092 | 0.0072 | 0.008±0.005 | 0.002–0.018 | 0.0051 | 0.0054 | 0.005±0.001 | 0.003–0.007 |
– different letters indicate significant differences between means for species on the basis of Kruskal-Wallis test (P<0.05).