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. 2014 Aug 1;33(18):2069–2079. doi: 10.15252/embj.201488698

Figure 1. Treatment with the PP2A inhibitor cantharidin activates PAMP-triggered immunity.

Figure 1

  1. PP2A chemical inhibition protects Arabidopsis from bacterial infection. Wild-type Col-0 plants were pre-treated 24 h with mock, 1 μM flg22, or 50 μM cantharidin. Bacterial number was determined at the indicated time following Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000 inoculation. Values presented are average of four biological repeats ± SE. Values labeled with different letters are statistically different as established by a one-way ANOVA (P < 0.05). cfu, colony-forming units.
  2. PP2A inhibits flg22-induced gene expression. Accumulation of marker gene transcripts FRK1 (At2g19190) and NHL10 (At2g35980) was assessed by qRT-PCR in Col-0 seedlings 1 h after treatment with mock, 100 nM flg22, 5 μM, or 50 μM cantharidin. Values are average of three biological repeats ± SE presented as fold induction compared with mock-treated samples.
  3. PP2A chemical inhibition triggers oxidative burst. ROS production was measured as relative luminescence units (RLU) in Col-0 in response to mock, 100 nM flg22, 5 μM, and 50 μM cantharidin. Values presented are average of three biological repeats ± SE.