Table 2.
Composition of dimethacrylates/QAM comonomer blends and their fracture toughness, KIC and UTS values.
| Fracture Toughness (MPa√m) | Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Toughness (MPa) | Ultimate Stress (MPa) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | Dry | Wet | |
| 5% ATA | 0.85±0.08A,ac | 1.0±0.11B,1 | 620±101A,ac | 526±55B,1 | 11.9±5.5A,b | 7.4±1.6B,1 | 98±12A,a | 58±2B,1 |
| 10% ATA | 0.76±0.06A,bc | 0.60±0.05C,3 | 607±106A,ac | 488±51B,1 | 8.8±3A,ab | 2.8±0.8B,2 | 83±8A,ab | 43±4B,2 |
| 15% ATA | 0.49±0.05e | PC | 472±73b | PC | 4.6±1.7a | PC | 53±12c | PC |
| 5% MAPTAC | 0.65±0.05A,d | 0.93±0.09B,1 | 728±73A,a | 432±102B1 | 7.7±1.6A,ab | 7.4±3.1A,1 | 87±10A,ab | 65±8B,1 |
| 5% DDAC | 0.76±0.07A,be | 1.01±0.09B,1 | 541±70A,bc | 545±84A,1 | 12.4±4A,b | 5.5±3.7B,1,2 | 95±12A,ab | 53±9B,1,4 |
| 5% MCMS | 0.85±0.06A,ab | 1.00±0.09B,1 | 726±147A,ac | 520±89B,1 | 9.9±3.9A,b | 5.8±1.7B,1,2 | 100±18A,a | 60±4B,1,4 |
| 10% MCMS | 0.80±0.08A,ab | 0.82±0.08A,1 | 629±97A,bc | 563±69A,1 | 10.1±2.6A,b | 3.8±1.8B,1 | 96±10A,ab | 49±6B,1,4 |
| 15% MCMS | 0.77±0.07A,bc | 0.26±0.02B,2 | 530±92A,bc | 304±43B,2 | 11.1±3.9A,b | 0.8±0.4B,3 | 86±9A,ab | 18±3B,3 |
| 5% METMAC | 0.81±0.05A,ab | 1.01±0.11B,2 | 561±100A,bc | 452±72B,1 | 9.8±2A,b | 4.9±0.9B,1,2 | 94±11A,ab | 56±4B,1,4 |
| 10% METMAC | 0.77±0.06A,bc | 0.79±0.08A,1 | 581±75A,bc | 441±66B,1 | 9.1±3.5A,ab | 3.9±2B,1 | 90±17A,ab | 45±8B,2,4 |
| 15% METMAC | 0.77±0.11A,bc | 0.23±0.01B,2 | 586±111A,bc | 236±23B,2 | 8.8±5.8A,ab | 0.6±0.3B,3 | 79±14A,b | 13±4B,3 |
| Control (c) | 0.87±0.09A,a | 1.02±0.06B,1 | 724±116A,a | 476±95B,1 | 7.6±1.9A,ab | 5.3±1.2B,1,2 | 89±12A,ab | 61±6B,1 |
Abbreviations: PC = phase changes; ATA = 2-acryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride; MAPTAC = [2-(methyloylamino)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride; DDAC = diallyldimethylammonium chloride; MCMS = methacryloylcholine methyl sulfate; METMAC = [3-(methacryloylamino)propyl]trimethylammonium chloride; control = 60 mass% BisGMA, 30 mass% TEGDMA, 9 mass% HEMA, 1.0 mass% [diphenyl] (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide (TPO). Student t tests comparing significant differences between dry and wet values are indicated by uppercase letters. Different uppercase letters signify significant differences (p<0.05). One-way ANOVA looked for significant differences between test and control values. Differences among dry values are indicated by different lowercase letters. Differences between wet values are indicated by different uppercase letters (p<0.05).