Table 5.
Clinical factors significantly associated with (a) presence of lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) (N=214) and (b) increased %LRNC in those with LRNC present (N=112).
| (a) Presence of LRNC |
LRNC |
Model 1 (Univariate) |
Model 2 (Adjusted) |
Model 3 (Multivariate) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Present (N=112) |
Absent (N=102) |
Odds Ratio* |
(95% CI) | p- Value |
Adjusted Odds Ratio* |
(95% CI) | p- Value |
Adjusted Odds Ratio* |
(95% CI) | p- Value |
| Age (years) | 62 ± 9 | 61 ± 8 | 1.1 | (0.9, 1.3) | 0.39 | 1.0 | (0.8, 1.2) | 0.83 | 1.1 | (0.9, 1.3) | 0.45 |
|
| |||||||||||
| Male | 101 (90%) |
74 (73%) | 3.5 | (1.6, 7.4) | 0.001 | 5.0 | (2.0, 12) | <0.001 | 3.2 | (1.2, 8.1) | 0.017 |
| Female | 11 (10%) | 28 (27%) | (ref) | (ref) | (ref) | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| White | 105 (94%) |
82 (81%) | 3.5 | (1.4, 8.7) | 0.008 | 2.6 | (0.9, 7.7) | 0.074 | |||
| Non-white/Other | 7 (6%) | 19 (19%) | (ref) | (ref) | |||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Duration of statin therapy |
0.56 | 0.22 | |||||||||
| <1 year | 31 (28%) | 27 (27%) | (ref) | (ref) | |||||||
| 1 - 5 years | 36 (33%) | 40 (40%) | 0.8 | (0.4, 1.6) | 0.6 | (0.3, 1.4) | |||||
| >5 years | 42 (39%) | 33 (33%) | 1.1 | (0.6, 2.2) | 0.4 | (0.2, 1.1) | |||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 20 (18%) | 33 (32%) | 0.5 | (0.2, 0.9) | 0.015 | 0.5 | (0.2, 1.0) | 0.041 | 0.4 | (0.2, 0.9) | 0.022 |
| Body mass Index (kg / m2) |
29 ± 4 | 31 ± 5 | 0.7 | (0.5, 0.9) | 0.005 | 0.8 | (0.5, 1.1) | 0.11 | |||
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
34 ± 5 | 36 ± 6 | 0.7 | (0.5, 0.9) | 0.015 | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.0) | 0.037 | 0.7 | (0.5, 0.9) | 0.020 |
| ApoA1 (mg/dl) | 119 ± 16 | 124 ± 17 | 0.7 | (0.6, 1.0) | 0.039 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.1) | 0.18 | |||
| %Wall volume (%)† | 44 | 37 | 3.4 | (2.3, 5.1) | <0.001 | 3.6 | (2.4, 5.5) | <0.001 | 3.8 | (2.5, 5.9) | <0.001 |
|
| |||||||||||
|
(b) Increased
%LRNC† |
Model 1
(Univariate) |
Model 2
(Adjusted) |
Model 3
(Multivariate) |
||||||||
| Variable | β * | (95% CI) |
p-
Value |
Adj. β* | (95% CI) |
p-
Value |
Adj. β* | (95% CI) |
p-
Value |
||
|
| |||||||||||
| Age | 0.11 | (0.01, 0.21) |
0.038 | 0.06 | (−0.03, 0.16) |
0.20 | 0.10 | (0.00, 0.20) | 0.051 | ||
| Male gender | 0.43 | (−0.20, 1.05) |
0.18 | 0.48 | (−0.10, 1.06) |
0.10 | 0.49 | (−0.07, 1.05) | 0.088 | ||
| Smoker | 0.34 | (−0.07, 0.76) |
0.11 | 0.38 | (0.00, 0.76) |
0.049 | 0.28 | (−0.10, 0.67) | 0.15 | ||
| Triglycerides† | −0.20 | (−0.39, − 0.02) |
0.032 | −0.14 | (−0.32, 0.03) |
0.11 | |||||
| ApoA1 | −0.17 | (−0.35, 0.02) |
0.084 | −0.22 | (−0.40, − 0.05) |
0.012 | −0.20 | (−0.38, −0.02) | 0.032 | ||
| %Wall volume† | 0.38 | (0.21, 0.56) |
<0.001 | 0.36 | (0.18, 0.54) |
<0.001 | 0.36 | (0.19, 0.53) | <0.001 | ||
Data for LRNC present and absent groups are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median or n (%);
Model 2: each variable adjusted for age, gender and log(%wall volume);
Model 3: final multivariate model with age, gender, log(%wall volume) and significant model 2 variables;
(ref) = reference category.
For continuous independent variables, the OR or β (linear regression coefficient) is scaled to correspond to the effect of a 1 standard deviation increase, except age which is presented per a 5 year increase; the log(%LRNC) outcome variable was also rescaled to have standard deviation = 1;
Log-transformed in each model to reduce right-skewness.