Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics (visit 1)
| Oral | Glargine | NPH Insulin | all | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 13 | 20 | 22 | 55 | |
| Age (yrs) | 64.1 +/−4.1 | 60.1 +/−7.3 | 61.5 +/−5.0 | 61.6 +/−5.9 | 0.168 |
| Gender (female/male;%) | 6 (46)/7 (54) | 7 (35)/13 (65) | 9 (41)/13 (59) | 22 (40)/33 (60) | 0.810 |
| BMI (kg/m 2 ) | 30.1 +/−5.4 | 32.7 +/−6.0 | 31.8 +/−5.2 | 31.7 +/−5.5 | 0.417 |
| Diabetes duration (yrs) | 6.2 +/−4.0 | 8.7 +/−6.6 | 9.8 +/−7.2 | 8.5 +/−6.4 | 0.286 |
| Diabetic neuropathy (yes: n;%) | 3 (23) | 7 (37) | 7 (35) | 17 (33) | 0.690 |
| Diabetic nephropathy (yes: n;%) | 0 | 3 (16) | 2 (10) | 5 (9) | 0.324 |
| Diabetic retinopathy (yes: n;%) | 1 (8) | 2 (10) | 2 (10) | 5 (9) | 0.974 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 142.5 +/−14.3 | 145.1 +/−14.8 | 141.2 +/−12.9 | 142.9 +/−13.8 | 0.666 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 79.6 +/−11.6 | 80.0 +/−10.2 | 79.1 +/−8.1 | 79.5 +/−9.6 | 0.964 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.3 +/−0.7 | 7.3 +/−0.9 | 7.5 +/−0.7 | 7.4 +/−0.8 | 0.713 |
| Fasting Glucose (mg/dl) | 150.7 +/−41.1 | 166.8 +/−50.1 | 165.9 +/−38.9 | 162.6 +/−43.5 | 0.534 |
| Serum Creatinin (mg/dl) | 0.8 +/−0.2 | 0.9 +/−0.2 | 0.8 +/−0.2 | 0.8 +/−0.2 | 0.451 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 206.4 +/−131.2 | 208.9 +/−168.7 | 215.2 +/−110.7 | 210.8 +/−136.5 | 0.981 |
| HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 48.5 +/−18.2 | 44.2 +/−10.0 | 44.2 +/−12.8 | 45.2 +/−13.3 | 0.599 |
| LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 97.9 +/−30.0 | 88.1 +/−39.6 | 99.0 +/−27.5 | 94.8 +/−32.6 | 0.559 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 14.2 +/−1.0 | 13.6 +/−1.4 | 14.1 +/−1.3 | 13.9 +/−1.3 | 0.363 |
| Leukocyte count /nl | 6.3 +/−1.3 | 7.1 +/−2.2 | 7.5 +/−1.8 | 7.1 +/−1.9 | 0.187 |
| Statins (yes: n;%) | 7 (54) | 14 (70) | 10 (45) | 31 (56) | 0.271 |
| Intima media thickness (mm) | 0.83 +/−0.13 | 0.79 +/−0.13 | 0.79 +/−0.17 | 0.80 +/−0.14 | 0.737 |
| Skin microvascular function (%) | 555.1 +/−223.5 | 408.4 +/−216.5 | 455.7 +/−171.8 | 462.0 +/−205.5 | 0.132 |