Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 14.
Published in final edited form as: J Pain. 2014 Feb 10;15(5):535–549. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.498

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Details of acupuncture needling. (A) Location of the acupuncture point GB34 used in this study. GB34 (Yangneungcheon), at the intersection of the lines from the anterior borders to the head of the fibula. (B–E) The depth and the rotation rate of the acupuncture needling were quantified by Acusensor. (B) Acusensor technology and measuring method. (C–E) The linear translation of the needle (displacement) and the turning of the needle (rotation) was measured using a motion sensor. The rotational force acting on the needle (torque) was measured using a force sensor. Acupuncture needles were inserted at GB34 to a depth of 3 mm (C) and rotated at a rate of 2 spins per second (1 spin consisted of clockwise rotation of 180° and counterclockwise rotation of 180°) for 10 seconds (D, E). Abbreviation: Rev, revolution.