Table 5.
Fracture risk associated with bone-muscle (B-M) indices and aBMD. Hazard ratios (HR) for fractures were reported for B-M indices and aBMD per standard deviation decrease in each measure. All HRs were adjusted for age and body mass index. Further adjustment for walking speed and either lumbar spine (LS) or total hip (TH) areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was applied to all models. Only models that did not contain B-M bending indices were further adjusted for grip strength.
| No Further Adjustmentsa | Further Adjusted for LS aBMDa | Further Adjusted for TH aBMDa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A) Parameter | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI |
| B-MBID | 1.30 | (1.03, 1.64) | 1.33 | (1.03, 1.71) | 1.22 | (0.94, 1.59) |
| B-MBIU | 1.35 | (1.06, 1.73) | 1.45 | (1.10, 1.90) | 1.28 | (0.97, 1.70) |
| B-MSID | 1.28 | (1.00, 1.64) | 1.17 | (0.91, 1.51) | 1.07 | (0.84, 1.37) |
| B-MSIU | 1.34 | (1.04, 1.73) | 1.21 | (0.94, 1.56) | 1.08 | (0.84, 1.39) |
| B-MMIW | 1.64 | (1.30, 2.07) | 1.65 | (1.22, 2.24) | 1.13 | (0.84, 1.52) |
| B-MMIL | 1.39 | (1.06, 1.83) | 1.35 | (1.00, 1.83) | 1.02 | (0.79, 1.33) |
| B-MAI | 1.23 | (0.96, 1.56) | 1.22 | (0.93, 1.59) | 0.99 | (0.78, 1.24) |
| Lumbar spine aBMD T-score | 1.28 | (1.12, 1.45) | ||||
| Total Hip aBMD T-score | 2.08 | (1.64, 2.64) | ||||
a
Models were adjusted for age and body mass index