Supplementary Table 3. List of candidate proteomics-based biomarkers.
| Domain | Candidate marker | Processes | Biofluid (volume needed) |
| miRNA-omics | miR-208, -499, -423-5p, -221, -132, -21, -126, -18 &- 19 and -22 & -24 | F, I, M, A | Serum/plasma (0.5 mL) |
| Transcriptomics | Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) | I, M | Serum/plasma (0.1 mL) |
| Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase (ALK) | M | PBMC (5 mL for all) | |
| Nerve growth factor beta (NGFb) | M | ||
| F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7) | M | ||
| Ferrochelatase (FECH) | M | ||
| CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1) | I, M | PBMC (1 mL for all) | |
| Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) | I, M | ||
| CD28 | F, I, M, A | PBMC (2 mL for all) | |
| CD69 | F, I, M, A | ||
| Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) | F, I, M, A | ||
| Heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) | F, I, M, A | ||
| TNF receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) | F, I, M, A | ||
| B-cell CLL lymphoma 2 (BCL2) | F, I, M, A | ||
| Caspase 8 | F, I, M, A | ||
| Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) | F, I, M, A | ||
| DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) | F, I, M, A | ||
| Early growth response 3 (EGR3) | F, I, M, A | ||
| IL10RB | F, I, M, A | ||
| IL1R2 | F, I, M, A | ||
| Serpin peptidase inhibitor B2 (SERPINB2) | F, I, M, A | ||
| TIMP1 | F, I, M, A | ||
| Thrombospondin 2 | F | Serum/plasma (0.2 mL) | |
| Glycoprotein-Nmb | F | ||
| COL4A1 | F, M | Serum/plasma (0.2 mL) | |
| Pentraxin | F, M | ||
| Proteomics | Senescence associated secreted proteins including IL-8, GRO-a, GM-CSF, hsIL6 and MCP1 | I, A | Serum/plasma (0.5 mL) |
| Phosphorylated troponin T | M | Serum/plasma (0.1 mL) | |
| Quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (QSOX-1 | M | Serum/plasma (0.2 mL) | |
| CD146 | M | ||
| Soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK) | I, M | Serum/plasma (0.1 mL) | |
| Cathelicidin-related antimicrobial protein (CRAMP), | F, A | Serum/plasma (0.5 mL) | |
| Stathmin | F, A | ||
| Elongation factor 1 alpha (EF-1) | F, A | ||
| Chitinase 3-like protein 3 | F, A | ||
| 243 urinary peptides | F, I, M | Urine (1.5 mL) | |
| Metabolomics | α-Ketoglutarate | M | Serum (0.25 mL) |
| Pseudouridine | M | ||
| γ-Glutamyl leucine and valine | F, I, M | ||
| Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginin | F, I, M | ||
| 5-Hydroxy-tryptamine (Serotonin) | M | ||
| Amino acids and derivates | F, I, M, A | Serum/plasma (20 μL) | |
| Biogenic amines | F, I, M, A | ||
| Acylcarnitines | M, A | ||
| Sphingolipids | F, I, M | ||
| Glycerolphospholipids | F, I, M |
The processes, in which proposed biomarkers are involved in, include ageing (A), inflammation (I), fibrosis (F) myocyte damage (M) or combinations. PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell.