Figure 9. LPS partially inhibits T_reg generation through MyD88 signaling on CD4 cells and APCs.

(A) MyD88^−/−, TRIF^−/−, or WT CD4 cells were cultured with plate-bound αCD3 (1 μg) and αCD28 (2 μg/ml) with 5 ng/ml TGF-β (T_reg) in the presence or absence of LPS (1 μg) and analyzed by flow cytometry after 5 days. (B) MyD88^−/−, TRIF^−/−, or WT irradiated splenocytes (APC) were cultured with WT CD4 cells with plate-bound αCD3 (1 μg) and 5 ng/ml TGF-β in the presence or absence of LPS (1000 ng) and analyzed by flow cytometry after 5 days. FACS plots are gated upon live CD4⁺ cells.