Table 4. Associations of presence of current depressive disorder, current anxiety disorder, current co-morbid depression and anxiety and remitted depression or anxiety with the Chronic Pain Grade, with remitted disorder as a reference category.
CPG1a , b | CPG2a , b | CPG3a , b | CPG4a , b | |
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Remitted depression/anxiety | reference | reference | reference | reference |
No psychopathology | .54 (.34–.85)* | .29 (.17–.50)** | .29 (.15–.55)** | .28 (.14–.60)* |
Depression current | .72 (.39–1.36) | 1.03 (.52–2.01) | 2.04 (.98–4.25) | 1.89 (.85–4.20) |
Anxiety current | 1.13 (.64–2.00) | 1.18 (.64–2.18) | 1.47 (.74–2.94) | 1.37 (.65–2.91) |
Co-morbid depression and anxiety current | 1.68 (.84–3.36) | 2.95 (1.43–6.09)* | 5.65 (2.61–12.22)** | 8.58 (3.84–19.21)** |
*p<.05;
**p<.001.
reference category is no pain.
adjusted for age, gender, level of education, partner status, antidepressant use, use of other psychotropic drugs, chronic diseases, and number of depressive episodes.