. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: BJU Int. 2014 Aug 11;114(6):916–925. doi: 10.1111/bju.12778

Table 4.

Influence of flare symptoms and duration on health-care utilization and bother¹ among 64 participants with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome and/or chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome, Washington University School of Medicine and the University of Alabama at Birmingham 2010-2013

	Typical symptom severity (on a scale of 0-10):										Duration

	Pelvic pain, pressure, or discomfort		Urinary urgency		Frequency		Overall urologic or pelvic pain symptoms		Overall non-urologic pain symptoms		(level, minutes to days)

	Unadjusted	Adjusted²	Unadjusted	Adjusted²	Unadjusted	Adjusted²	Unadjusted	Adjusted²	Unadjusted	Adjusted²	Unadjusted	Adjusted²
Health-care utilization and self-management strategies (%):

Contact or see a health-care provider	^***	^*			^**		^***	^*	^*		^****	^***

Medication change or increase	^*				^*						^**	^*

Rest									^**	^**

Bother (%):

Keep you from doing usual things during flares³	^****	^****	^***		^***		^****	^****			^****	^***

Think about symptoms during flares³	^****	^**	^***		^***		^****	^****			^***

Bothered in general by flares³	^****	^***	^**		^***		^****	^****		^*	^****	^****

Significance of positive associations:

0.05≤p<0.1;

^**

0.01≤p<0.05;

^***

0.001≤p<0.01;

^****

p<0.001.

Associations were calculated by generalized linear mixed models.

Mutually adjusted for duration and all symptoms listed in the table with the following exceptions: a) none of the models were adjusted for overall urologic or pelvic pain symptoms; b) urgency and frequency models were not mutually adjusted because of the high correlation between these two variables (r=0.82); and c) models for overall urologic or pelvic pain symptoms were adjusted for overall non-urologic pain symptoms and duration only.

Comparing flares with a lot of bother to those with none, a little, or some bother.