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. 2014 Oct 12;15(1):127. doi: 10.1186/s12931-014-0127-9

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© Carolan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Biomarkers associated with CT-assessed emphysema in the COPDGene cohort. (A) Advanced glycosylation end-product receptor (RAGE); (B) Intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1); (C) Cadherin 1 (CDH1); (D) Cadherin 13 (CDH13). *Presented are normal quantile transformed biomarker levels on the ordinate and percent emphysema (% low attenuation ≤ −950 HU) on CT scan on abscissa (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).