Table 2.

Relative risk for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, combined cardiovascular events, stroke, and coronary heart disease (with 95% confidence intervals) comparing the top versus bottom third of MUFA, MUFA:SFA ratio, olive oil, and oleic acid

Outcome	No studies	MUFA source	Relative risk	95% CI	p-value	I 2 (%) a 95% CI
All-cause mortality	17	All MUFA combined	0.89	0.83 to 0.96	0.001	64
						42 to 78
	5	MUFA	1.00	0.93 to 1.08	0.93	23
	10	MUFA:SFA	0.90	0.82 to 1.00	0.04	59
	5	Olive oil	0.77	0.71 to 0.84	<0.00001	0
Cardiovascular mortality	14	All MUFA combined	0.88	0.80 to 0.96	0.004	50
						15 to 71
	8	MUFA	0.96	0.89 to 1.04	0.36	7
	4	MUFA:SFA	0.91	0.83 to 0.99	0.04	0
	5	Olive oil	0.70	0.48 to 1.03	0.07	71
	1	Oleic acid	0.81	0.66 to 0.99	0.04	n.a.
Combined cardiovascular events	30	All MUFA combined	0.91	0.86 to 0.96	0.001	58
						38 to 71
	20	MUFA	0.95	0.89 to 1.02	0.14	52
	6	MUFA:SFA	0.93	0.86 to 1.01	0.07	0
	7	Olive oil	0.72	0.57 to 0.91	0.007	75
	1	Oleic acid	0.87	0.76 to 1.00	0.04	n.a.
Stroke	11	All MUFA combined	0.83	0.71 to 0.97	0.02	70
						46 to 84
	9	MUFA	0.85	0.72 to 1.01	0.07	65
	1	MUFA:SFA	1.18	0.91 to 1.53	0.21	n.a.
	2	Olive oil	0.60	0.47 to 0.77	<0.0001	0
Coronary heart disease	15	All MUFA combined	0.96	0.90 to 1.01	0.13	41
						0 to 66
	9	MUFA	0.99	0.93 to 1.06	0.76	29
	4	MUFA:SFA	0.94	0.86 to 1.02	0.14	0
	4	Olive oil	0.80	0.57 to 1.14	0.22	77
	1	Oleic acid	0.87	0.76 to 1.00	0.04	n.a.

^a I ² inconsistency, percentage of variation across studies due to heterogeneity.

MUFA monounsaturated fatty acids, n.a. not applicable, SFA saturated fatty acids.