Table 1. Comparison of demographic and clinical data characteristics of patients with schizophrenia with and without insight into their illness.
| Characteristic | Total (n=92) |
With insight (n=49) |
Lacking insight (n=43) |
statistic | p-value | |||
| Male (n, %) | 54 | (58.7) | 30 | (61.2) | 24 | (55.8) | χ2=0.28 | 0.599 |
| Age (n, mean, sd) | 92 | 26.1 (7.5) | 49 | 26.6 (7.2) | 43 | 25.4 (7.9) | t=-0.76 | 0.450 |
| Currently employed (n, %) | 58 | (63.0) | 31 | (63.3) | 27 | (62.8) | χ2<0.01 | 0.962 |
| Marital status (n, %) | χ2=3.41 | 0.224 | ||||||
| unmarried | 62 | (67.4) | 37 | (75.5) | 25 | (58.1) | ||
| married | 26 | (28.3) | 10 | (20.4) | 16 | (37.2) | ||
| divorced | 4 | (4.3) | 2 | (4.1) | 2 | (4.7) | ||
| Under 9 years of schooling (n, %) | 31 | (33.7) | 16 | (32.7) | 15 | (34.9) | χ2=0.05 | 0.821 |
| Age of onset (n, mean, sd) | 92 | 21.6 (6.3) | 49 | 21.5 (6.3) | 43 | 21.7 (6.3) | t=0.16 | 0.874 |
| Years of illness (n, median, IQR) | 92 | 4.0 (1.5–6.0) | 49 | 5.0 (3.3–6.0) | 43 | 3.0 (1.0–5.0) | U=-2.67a | 0.008 |
| Family history (n, %) | Fisher | |||||||
| yes | 16 | (17.4) | 7 | (14.3) | 9 | (20.9) | exact test | 0.709 |
| no | 74 | (80.4) | 41 | (83.7) | 33 | (76.7) | ||
| unknown | 2 | (2.2) | 1 | (2.0) | 1 | (2.4) | ||
| Current inpatient (n, %) | 65 | (70.7) | 28 | (57.1) | 37 | (86.0) | χ2=3.02 | 0.003 |
| Hospitalizations (n, %) | Fisher | |||||||
| 0 times | 7 | (7.6) | 5 | (10.2) | 2 | (4.7) | exact test | 0.664 |
| <3 times | 61 | (66.3) | 32 | (65.3) | 29 | (67.4) | ||
| >3 times | 24 | (26.1) | 12 | (24.5) | 12 | (27.9) | ||
| Total SAPS score (n, mean, sd) | 89 | 25.4 (15.3) | 46 | 22.5(14.8) | 43 | 28.6 (15.3) | t=1.92 | 0.058 |
| Total SANS score (n, mean, sd) | 89 | 41.0 (19.7) | 46 | 37.1 (21.2) | 43 | 45.1 (17.2) | t=1.96 | 0.053 |
IQR=inter-quartile range; SAPS=Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms; SANS=Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms
a Mann-Whitney U test