Table 4.

Distribution of responses by MDS‐UPDRS by language^a

	English		Japanese			English		Japanese
Part I
Cognitive impairment*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Daytime sleepiness	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	428	48.86	227	62.19	0	212	24.2	104	28.49
1	256	29.22	93	25.48	1	216	24.66	73	20.00
2	121	13.81	25	6.85	2	364	41.55	147	40.27
3	53	6.05	17	4.66	3	59	6.74	32	8.77
4	17	1.94	3	0.82	4	16	1.83	8	2.19
999	1	0.11	0	0.00	999	9	1.03	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Hallucinations and psychosis	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Pain and other sensations*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	687	78.42	280	76.71	0	303	34.59	148	40.55
1	89	10.16	38	10.41	1	289	32.99	117	32.05
2	51	5.82	26	7.12	2	130	14.84	60	16.44
3	35	4	14	3.84	3	106	12.1	31	8.49
4	13	1.48	4	1.10	4	39	4.45	4	1.10
999	1	0.11	3	0.82	999	9	1.03	5	1.37
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Depressed mood*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Urinary problems	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	471	53.77	223	61.10	0	325	37.1	144	39.45
1	265	30.25	84	23.01	1	281	32.08	118	32.33
2	81	9.25	36	9.86	2	137	15.64	60	16.44
3	45	5.14	21	5.75	3	88	10.05	32	8.77
4	12	1.37	0	0.00	4	38	4.34	10	2.74
999	2	0.23	1	0.27	999	7	0.8	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Anxious mood	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Constipation problems*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	413	47.15	192	52.60	0	384	43.84	90	24.66
1	307	35.05	116	31.78	1	287	32.76	120	32.88
2	96	10.96	39	10.68	2	119	13.58	74	20.27
3	41	4.68	15	4.11	3	70	7.99	63	17.26
4	17	1.94	1	0.27	4	9	1.03	18	4.93
999	2	0.23	2	0.55	999	7	0.8	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Apathy	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Lightheadedness on standing*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	584	66.67	249	68.22	0	490	55.94	238	65.21
1	141	16.1	61	16.71	1	216	24.66	78	21.37
2	88	10.05	27	7.40	2	103	11.76	37	10.14
3	52	5.94	20	5.48	3	51	5.82	10	2.74
4	8	0.91	7	1.92	4	9	1.03	1	0.27
999	3	0.34	1	0.27	999	7	0.8	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Features of DDS	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Fatigue*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	747	85.27	315	86.30	0	217	24.77	141	38.63
1	57	6.51	23	6.30	1	335	38.24	128	35.07
2	44	5.02	20	5.48	2	184	21	57	15.62
3	19	2.17	4	1.10	3	81	9.25	33	9.04
4	6	0.68	0	0.00	4	50	5.71	4	1.10
999	3	0.34	3	0.82	999	9	1.03	2	0.55
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Sleep problems*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	280	31.96	138	37.81
1	202	23.06	103	28.22
2	207	23.63	81	22.19
3	140	15.98	39	10.68
4	40	4.57	3	0.82
999	7	0.8	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00
Part II
Speech*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Doing hobbies and other activities*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	252	28.77	159	43.56	0	227	25.91	130	35.62
1	236	26.94	78	21.37	1	289	32.99	99	27.12
2	233	26.6	82	22.47	2	185	21.12	65	17.81
3	126	14.38	43	11.78	3	81	9.25	41	11.23
4	22	2.51	3	0.82	4	84	9.59	29	7.95
999	7	0.8	0	0.00	999	10	1.14	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Saliva and drooling*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Turning in bed	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	341	38.93	186	50.96	0	277	31.62	122	33.42
1	115	13.13	49	13.42	1	378	43.15	144	39.45
2	203	23.17	64	17.53	2	111	12.67	48	13.15
3	157	17.92	46	12.60	3	55	6.28	31	8.49
4	53	6.05	18	4.93	4	50	5.71	19	5.21
999	7	0.8	2	0.55	999	5	0.57	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Chewing and swallowing	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Tremor*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	549	62.67	241	66.03	0	189	21.58	118	32.33
1	230	26.26	81	22.19	1	360	41.1	154	42.19
2	54	6.16	22	6.03	2	212	24.2	69	18.90
3	34	3.88	18	4.93	3	72	8.22	17	4.66
4	3	0.34	3	0.82	4	36	4.11	7	1.92
999	6	0.68	0	0.00	999	7	0.8	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Eating tasks	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Getting out of bed*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	363	41.44	158	43.29	0	180	20.55	101	27.67
1	265	30.25	114	31.23	1	317	36.19	140	38.36
2	187	21.35	79	21.64	2	199	22.72	73	20.00
3	42	4.79	8	2.19	3	104	11.87	35	9.59
4	10	1.14	5	1.37	4	70	7.99	15	4.11
999	9	1.03	1	0.27	999	6	0.68	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Dressing	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Walking and balance	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	220	25.11	82	22.47	0	184	21	74	20.27
1	322	36.76	176	48.22	1	336	38.36	156	42.74
2	211	24.09	67	18.36	2	105	11.99	38	10.41
3	76	8.68	28	7.67	3	172	19.63	61	16.71
4	42	4.79	12	3.29	4	74	8.45	33	9.04
999	5	0.57	0	0.00	999	5	0.57	3	0.82
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Hygiene	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Freezing	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	342	39.04	126	34.52	0	453	51.71	176	48.22
1	367	41.89	160	43.84	1	182	20.78	74	20.27
2	88	10.05	47	12.88	2	89	10.16	40	10.96
3	33	3.77	25	6.85	3	90	10.27	49	13.42
4	38	4.34	7	1.92	4	56	6.39	25	6.85
999	8	0.91	0	0.00	999	6	0.68	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Handwriting	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	161	18.38	106	29.04
1	251	28.65	151	41.37
2	222	25.34	75	20.55
3	146	16.67	22	6.03
Part III
Speech*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Arising from chair	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	189	21.58	148	40.55	0	422	48.17	197	53.97
1	379	43.26	143	39.18	1	245	27.97	106	29.04
2	213	24.32	53	14.52	2	78	8.9	24	6.58
3	69	7.88	15	4.11	3	71	8.11	22	6.03
4	22	2.51	4	1.10	4	55	6.28	16	4.38
999	4	0.46	2	0.55	999	5	0.57	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Facial expression*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Gait	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	96	10.96	88	24.11	0	202	23.06	81	22.19
1	300	34.25	137	37.53	1	351	40.07	187	51.23
2	361	41.21	109	29.86	2	167	19.06	47	12.88
3	89	10.16	23	6.30	3	97	11.07	36	9.86
4	26	2.97	7	1.92	4	55	6.28	14	3.84
999	4	0.46	1	0.27	999	4	0.46	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Rigidity, neck	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Freezing of gait	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	260	29.68	134	36.71	0	655	74.77	250	68.49
1	247	28.2	97	26.58	1	95	10.84	50	13.70
2	274	31.28	92	25.21	2	60	6.85	30	8.22
3	73	8.33	36	9.86	3	26	2.97	13	3.56
4	16	1.83	4	1.10	4	38	4.34	19	5.21
999	6	0.68	2	0.55	999	2	0.23	3	0.82
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Rigidity, RUE*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Postural stability*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	176	20.09	93	25.48	0	422	48.17	150	41.10
1	282	32.19	142	38.90	1	157	17.92	66	18.08
2	342	39.04	111	30.41	2	60	6.85	44	12.05
3	69	7.88	14	3.84	3	149	17.01	84	23.01
4	6	0.68	2	0.55	4	86	9.82	20	5.48
999	1	0.11	3	0.82	999	2	0.23	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Rigidity, LUE*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Posture	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	205	23.4	99	27.12	0	173	19.75	78	21.37
1	268	30.59	135	36.99	1	337	38.47	129	35.34
2	317	36.19	121	33.15	2	206	23.52	84	23.01
3	77	8.79	9	2.47	3	125	14.27	52	14.25
4	7	0.8	1	0.27	4	33	3.77	21	5.75
999	2	0.23	0	0.00	999	2	0.23	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Rigidity, RLE	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Global spontaneity of movement	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	272	31.05	109	29.86	0	108	12.33	49	13.42
1	248	28.31	125	34.25	1	278	31.74	155	42.47
2	275	31.39	106	29.04	2	279	31.85	97	26.58
3	67	7.65	23	6.30	3	184	21	51	13.97
4	10	1.14	1	0.27	4	27	3.08	12	3.29
999	4	0.46	1	0.27	999	0	0	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Rigidity, LLE	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Postural tremor, right hand	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	286	32.65	116	31.78	0	544	62.1	223	61.10
1	227	25.91	120	32.88	1	262	29.91	119	32.60
2	275	31.39	100	27.40	2	43	4.91	19	5.21
3	75	8.56	26	7.12	3	23	2.63	2	0.55
4	11	1.26	1	0.27	4	1	0.11	2	0.55
999	2	0.23	2	0.55	999	3	0.34	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Finger tapping, right hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Postural tremor, left hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	122	13.93	95	26.03	0	518	59.13	234	64.11
1	342	39.04	167	45.75	1	276	31.51	98	26.85
2	252	28.77	64	17.53	2	49	5.59	27	7.40
3	144	16.44	35	9.59	3	29	3.31	2	0.55
4	15	1.71	3	0.82	4	1	0.11	1	0.27
999	1	0.11	1	0.27	999	3	0.34	3	0.82
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Finger tapping, left hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Kinetic tremor, right hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	108	12.33	91	24.93	0	546	62.33	258	70.68
1	298	34.02	135	36.99	1	265	30.25	89	24.38
2	265	30.25	96	26.30	2	46	5.25	15	4.11
3	181	20.66	37	10.14	3	13	1.48	1	0.27
4	22	2.51	5	1.37	4	2	0.23	1	0.27
999	2	0.23	1	0.27	999	4	0.46	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Hand movements, right hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Kinetic tremor, left hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	187	21.35	129	35.34	0	493	56.28	236	64.66
1	346	39.5	160	43.84	1	293	33.45	105	28.77
2	231	26.37	57	15.62	2	72	8.22	22	6.03
3	98	11.19	17	4.66	3	14	1.6	1	0.27
4	12	1.37	2	0.55	4	0	0	1	0.27
999	2	0.23	0	0.00	999	4	0.46	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Hand movements, left hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Rest tremor amplitude, RUE*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	164	18.72	118	32.33	0	586	66.89	281	76.99
1	311	35.5	147	40.27	1	112	12.79	51	13.97
2	250	28.54	78	21.37	2	121	13.81	26	7.12
3	125	14.27	17	4.66	3	53	6.05	6	1.64
4	25	2.85	4	1.10	4	3	0.34	1	0.27
999	1	0.11	1	0.27	999	1	0.11	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Pronation: supination movements, right hand*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Rest tremor amplitude, LUE*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	199	22.72	100	27.40	0	603	68.84	280	76.71
1	335	38.24	159	43.56	1	120	13.7	56	15.34
2	216	24.66	64	17.53	2	99	11.3	20	5.48
3	107	12.21	35	9.59	3	45	5.14	9	2.47
4	17	1.94	6	1.64	4	5	0.57	0	0.00
999	2	0.23	1	0.27	999	4	0.46	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Pronation: supination movements, left hand	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Rest tremor amplitude, RLE	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	162	18.49	76	20.82	0	777	88.7	319	87.40
1	297	33.9	138	37.81	1	52	5.94	25	6.85
2	235	26.83	101	27.67	2	35	4	18	4.93
3	150	17.12	42	11.51	3	9	1.03	2	0.55
4	29	3.31	8	2.19	4	0	0	0	0.00
999	3	0.34	0	0.00	999	3	0.34	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Toe tapping, right foot*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Rest tremor amplitude, LLE	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	168	19.18	89	24.38	0	795	90.75	319	87.40
1	323	36.87	149	40.82	1	46	5.25	24	6.58
2	228	26.03	96	26.30	2	20	2.28	17	4.66
3	129	14.73	24	6.58	3	12	1.37	2	0.55
4	27	3.08	6	1.64	4	0	0	0	0.00
999	1	0.11	1	0.27	999	3	0.34	3	0.82
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Toe tapping, left foot*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Rest tremor amplitude, lip/jaw*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	154	17.58	68	18.63	0	780	89.04	349	95.62
1	251	28.65	140	38.36	1	63	7.19	12	3.29
2	268	30.59	111	30.41	2	18	2.05	3	0.82
3	154	17.58	36	9.86	3	13	1.48	0	0.00
4	46	5.25	10	2.74	4	1	0.11	1	0.27
999	3	0.34	0	0.00	999	1	0.11	0	0.00
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Leg agility, right leg*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Constancy of rest*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	250	28.54	119	32.60	0	409	46.69	219	60.00
1	329	37.56	163	44.66	1	214	24.43	79	21.64
2	190	21.69	61	16.71	2	91	10.39	28	7.67
3	86	9.82	18	4.93	3	85	9.7	21	5.75
4	18	2.05	4	1.10	4	67	7.65	17	4.66
999	3	0.34	0	0.00	999	10	1.14	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Leg agility, left leg*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	216	24.66	99	27.12
1	298	34.02	142	38.90
2	213	24.32	90	24.66
3	106	12.1	30	8.22
4	38	4.34	3	0.82
999	5	0.57	1	0.27
Total	876	100	365	100.00
Part IV
Time spent with dyskinesias*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Functional impact of fluctuations	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	563	64.27	273	74.79	0	433	49.43	194	53.15
1	173	19.75	41	11.23	1	165	18.84	56	15.34
2	87	9.93	30	8.22	2	81	9.25	32	8.77
3	27	3.08	12	3.29	3	119	13.58	60	16.44
4	17	1.94	6	1.64	4	63	7.19	19	5.21
999	9	1.03	3	0.82	999	15	1.71	4	1.10
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Functional impact of dyskinesias*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Complexity of motor fluctuations*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	695	79.34	308	84.38	0	404	46.12	192	52.60
1	90	10.27	27	7.40	1	291	33.22	125	34.25
2	29	3.31	19	5.21	2	69	7.88	21	5.75
3	46	5.25	7	1.92	3	50	5.71	17	4.66
4	5	0.57	2	0.55	4	46	5.25	3	0.82
999	11	1.26	2	0.55	999	16	1.83	7	1.92
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00
Time spent in the OFF state*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%	Painful OFF state dystonia*	Frequency	%	Frequency	%
0	383	43.72	183	50.14	0	680	77.63	319	87.40
1	341	38.93	113	30.96	1	114	13.01	28	7.67
2	106	12.1	50	13.70	2	45	5.14	4	1.10
3	22	2.51	14	3.84	3	13	1.48	6	1.64
4	14	1.6	2	0.55	4	15	1.71	5	1.37
999	10	1.14	3	0.82	999	9	1.03	3	0.82
Total	876	100	365	100.00	Total	876	100	365	100.00

^a999 = missing.

*P < 0.05 by chi‐square test (df = 4).

DDS, dopamine dysregulation syndrome; RUE, right upper extremity; LUE, left upper extremity; RLE, right lower extremity; LLE, left lower extremity.