Table 2.
Summary of results from direct pairwise and network meta-analysis from randomized clinical trials
| Treatment comparison | No of studies in direct MA | Effect size (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct estimate | NMA estimate | ||
| A1c in % (26 RCTs including 6776 patients contributing to NMA): MD (95% CI) | |||
| NPH (qid) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.32 (–0.15 to 0.79) |
| NPH (od) v NPH (od/bid) | 1 | 0.69 (0.21 to 1.17) | 0.31 (0.02 to 0.60) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od/bid) | 8 | –0.04 (–0.12 to 0.03) | –0.05 (–0.28 to 0.18) |
| Detemir (qid) v NPH(od/bid) | NA | NA | –0.07 (–0.54 to 0.39) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.05 (–0.25 to 0.36) |
| Glargine (bid) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | –0.08 (–0.54 to 0.39) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od/bid) | 7 | –0.08 (–0.19 to 0.02) | –0.08 (–0.32 to 0.16) |
| NPH (od) v NPH (qid) | NA | NA | –0.01 (–0.46 to 0.44) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (qid) | NA | NA | –0.37 (–0.84 to 0.10) |
| Detemir (qid) v NPH (qid) | NA | NA | –0.40 (–0.96 to 0.17) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (qid) | NA | NA | –0.27 (–0.73 to 0.20) |
| Glargine (bid) v NPH (qid) | NA | NA | –0.40 (–0.97 to 0.17) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (qid) | 1 | –0.40 (–0.68 to –0.12) | –0.40 (–0.80 to 0.00) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | –0.36 (–0.65 to –0.08) |
| Detemir (qid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | –0.39 (–0.83 to 0.06) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od) | 2 | –0.16 (–0.30 to –0.03) | –0.26 (–0.48 to –0.03) |
| Glargine (bid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | –0.39 (–0.84 to 0.06) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od) | 4 | –0.50 (–0.87 to –0.13) | –0.39 (–0.59 to –0.19) |
| Detemir (qid) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | –0.02 (–0.49 to 0.45) |
| Detemir (od) v detemir (od/bid) | 1 | 0.10 (–0.06 to 0.26) | 0.11 (–0.17 to 0.38) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | –0.03 (–0.50 to 0.45) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od/bid) | 1 | 0.03 (–0.20 to 0.26) | –0.03 (–0.27 to 0.22) |
| Detemir (od) v detemir (qid) | NA | NA | 0.13 (–0.34 to 0.59) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (qid) | NA | NA | 0.00 (–0.57 to 0.57) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (qid) | 1 | –0.01 (–0.18 to 0.16) | –0.01 (–0.41 to 0.40) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (od) | NA | NA | –0.13 (–0.60 to 0.34) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od) | 1 | 0.04 (–0.17 to 0.25) | –0.13 (–0.37 to 0.10) |
| Glargine (od) v glargine (bid) | 1 | 0.00 (–0.28 to 0.28) | 0.00 (–0.41 to 0.40) |
| Body weight in kg (13 RCTs including 4462 patients contributing to NMA): MD (95% CI) | |||
| NPH (od) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 4.64 (3.53 to 5.75) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od/bid) | 5 | –0.96 (–1.52 to –0.39) | –0.87 (–1.44 to –0.30) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 4.04 (3.06 to 5.02) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od/bid) | 3 | –0.38 (–0.74 to –0.03) | –0.50 (–1.11 to 0.11) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | –5.51 (–6.56 to –4.46) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od) | 2 | –0.85 (–1.65 to –0.04) | –0.60 (–1.13 to –0.08) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | –5.14 (–6.07 to –4.21) |
| Detemir (od) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | 4.91 (4.00 to 5.81) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od/bid) | 2 | 0.30 (–0.23 to 0.83) | 0.37 (–0.11 to 0.85) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od) | 1 | –4.50 (–10.10 to 1.10) | –4.54 (–5.30 to –3.77) |
| Severe hypoglycemia (16 RCTs including 5797 patients contributing to NMA): OR (95% CI) | |||
| NPH (od) v NPH (od/bid) | 0.46 (0.08 to 2.57) | ||
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od/bid) | 6 | 0.68 (0.52 to 0.89) | 0.62 (0.42 to 0.91) |
| Detemir (qid) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 1.02 (0.35 to 2.97) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.27 (0.06 to 1.36) |
| Glargine (bid) v NPH (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.09 (0.00 to 1.97) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od/bid) | 4 | 0.48 (0.21 to 1.10) | 0.61 (0.30 to 1.23) |
| Detemir (od/bid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | 1.34 (0.24 to 7.66) |
| Detemir (qid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | 2.19 (0.38 to 12.68) |
| Detemir (od) v NPH (od) | 2 | 0.58 (0.40 to 0.83) | 0.59 (0.32 to 1.09) |
| Glargine (bid) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | 0.19 (0.01 to 5.70) |
| Glargine (od) v NPH (od) | NA | NA | 1.30 (0.27 to 6.21) |
| Detemir (qid) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | 1.63 (0.53 to 5.01) |
| Detemir (od) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.44 (0.09 to 2.26) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (od/bid) | NA | NA | 0.14 (0.01 to 3.22) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od/bid) | 1 | 4.30 (1.19 to 15.53) | 0.97 (0.45 to 2.12) |
| Detemir (od) v detemir (qid) | NA | NA | 0.27 (0.05 to 1.40) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (qid) | NA | NA | 0.08 (0.00 to 1.98) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (qid) | 1 | 0.59 (0.40 to 0.89) | 0.59 (0.27 to 1.33) |
| Glargine (bid) v detemir (od) | NA | NA | 0.31 (0.01 to 9.12) |
| Glargine (od) v detemir (od) | 1 | 2.21 (0.63 to 7.77) | 2.21 (0.52 to 9.28) |
| Glargine (od) v glargine (bid) | 1 | 7.04 (0.36 to 136.99) | 7.04 (0.33 to 148.45) |
A1c=glycated haemoglobin; bid=twice daily; MA=meta-analysis; MD=mean difference; NA=not applicable; NMA=network meta-analysis; NPH=neutral protamine Hagedorn; od=once daily; OR=odds ratio; qid=four times daily.