Table 1.

The structural composition and characteristics of engineered lysins.

	N-terminal donor	C-terminal donor	Property	Antimicrobial spectrum	Ref.
CHIMEOLYSIN
ClyS	Phage Twort lysin plyTW, endopeptidase	phiNM3 lysin	Highly soluble, superiority to mupirocin for skin decolonization	Staphylococci	Daniel et al., 2010; Pastagia et al., 2011
Lys168-87	E. faecalis phage F168/08 lysin, CHAPa	Phage 87 lysin Lys87b	Highly soluble, broad antimicrobial activity	Staphylococci, E. faecalis, E. faecium, S. pyogenes	Fernandes et al., 2012
Lys170-87	E. faecalis phage F170/08 lysin, amidase	Phage 87 lysin Lys87b	Highly soluble, broad antimicrobial activity	Staphylococci, E. faecalis, E. faecium, S. pyogenes	Fernandes et al., 2012
PRF-119	Phage K lysin plyK, CHAP	Lysostaphin, SH3b like domain	Very good activity	Staphylococci	Idelevich et al., 2011
λ SA2-E-Lyso-SH3b	Phage λ SA2 lysin, endopeptidase	Lysostaphin, SH3b like domain	Increased activity and extended lytic spectrum	Staphylococci, Streptococci	Becker et al., 2009; Schmelcher et al., 2012
λ SA2-E-LysK-SH3b	Phage λ SA2 lysin, endopeptidase	LysK, SH3b like domain	Increased activity and extended lytic spectrum	Staphylococci, Streptococci	Becker et al., 2009; Schmelcher et al., 2012
B30-182-Lyso	Phage B30 lysin, endopeptidase	Lysostaphin, SH3b like domain	Extended lytic spectrum and binding capacity	S. aureus, S. uber, S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae	Donovan et al., 2006a
Ply187AN-KSH3b	Phage 187 lysin Ply187, amidase	LysK, SH3b like domain	Improved lytic activity	Staphylococci	Mao et al., 2013
ClyH	Phage 187 lysin Ply187, amidase	phiNM3 lysin	Improved lytic activity and extended lytic spectrum	Staphylococci, S. sobrinus	Yang et al., 2014
Ply187N-V12C	Phage 187 lysin Ply187, amidase	Lysin PlyV12, SH3b like domain	Extend lytic spectrum	Staphylococci, Streptococci, Enterococci	Dong et al., 2014
ARTILYSIN
P128	tail-associated enzyme of Phage K	Lysostaphin, SH3b like domain	High lytic activity	Staphylococci	Vipra et al., 2012
P16-17	Phage p68 lysin p16, CHAP	Minor coat protein 17 of phage p68b	Highly soluble	S. aureus	Manoharadas et al., 2009
CLL	lysin Cpl-1, lysozyme	LytA C-terminal domain	Altered binding capacity	Streptococci	Diaz et al., 1990
CLA	LytA amidase domain	Lysin Cpl-1 binding domain	Altered binding capacity	Streptococci	Diaz et al., 1990
Art-085	SMAP-29 peptide	Lysin KZ144	Kills Gram-negative bacteria	P. aeruginosa, P. syringae, P. putida	Briers et al., 2014a
Pesticin-like	T4 lysozyme	Pesticin	Kills Gram-negative bacteria	Yersinia, E. coli expressing FyuA	Lukacik et al., 2012
LoGT series	Various peptidesc	Various lysinsd	Kills Gram-negative bacteria	P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, E. coli, S. Typhimurium	Briers et al., 2014b

^aCHAP: cysteine and histidine-dependent aminopeptidase/hydrolase.

^bThe characters of these CBDs cannot be confirmed for their sequences are unavailable.

^cThese peptides include α4, MW1, MW2, polycationic peptide (PCNP), hydrophobic pentapeptide (HPP), Parasin1 (Pa1), and lycotoxin1 (Ly1).

^dThese lysins include OBPgp279 (YP_004958186.1), PVP-SE1gp146 (YP_004893953.1), phiKZgp144 (NP_803710.1), 201ϕ 2-1gp229 (YP_001956952.1), CR8gp3.5, P2gp09 (NP_046765.1), and PsP3gp10 (NP_958065.1).