Table 1.
Treatment groups according to the combination of drugs used
| Number of patients | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death during induction |
Alive first remission |
Alive after relapse |
Death after relapse |
Death in remission |
Total | Median Follow-up (months) |
EMD | |
| Chemotherapy-only regimens | ||||||||
| Amsacrine | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Amsacrine + HDAC | 2 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 14 | 53 (1–203) | 1 |
| Daunorubicine + HDAC | 1 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Thioguanine + cyclophosphamide + total body iradiation | – | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | 181 | 0 |
| Fludarabine + cytarabine + carboplatine | – | – | 1 | – | – | 1 | 102 | 0 |
| Fludarabine + HDAC | – | – | – | 1 | – | 1 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Idarubicin | 1 | 1 | – | 4 | 1 | 7 | 1 (0.5–118) | 0 |
| Total | 4 (15%) | 7 (27%) | 3 (12%) | 10 (38%) | 2 (8%) | 26 | 19 (0.5–203) | 1 |
| ATRA-based regimens | ||||||||
| ATRA | – | – | 1 | 1 | – | 2 | 13 (0.1–102) | 0 |
| ATRA + idarubicin | 13 | 33 | 8 | 15 | 7 | 76 | 30 (0.1–201) | 3 |
| Liposomal ATRA | 8 | 16 | 12 | 5 | – | 41 | 71 (0.1–142) | 1 |
| ATRA + gemtuzumab ozogamicin | 7 | 21 | 4 | 2 | – | 34 | 24 (0.1–83) | 0 |
| Total | 28 (18.3%) | 70 (46%) | 25 (16%) | 23 (15%) | 7 (4.6%) | 153 | 34 (0.1201) | 4 |
| ATRA + ATO-based regimens | ||||||||
| ATRA + ATO | 1 | 3 | 1 | – | 1 | 6 | 7 (0.1–63) | 0 |
| ATRA + ATO ± idarubicin ± gemtuzumab ozogamicin | 2 | 45 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 52 | 36 (0.2–79) | 1 |
| ATRA + ATO + gemtuzumab ozogamicin | 0 | 3 | – | 1 | – | 4 | 40 (10–78) | 2 |
| ATRA + ATO ± gemtuzumab ozogamicin ± theophylline | 1 | 19 | – | – | – | 20 | 4.5 (0.3–11) | 0 |
| ATO | – | 0 | 1 | 1 | – | 2 | 19 (0.3–83) | 0 |
| Total | 4 (4.7%) | 70 (83.3%) | 3 (3.6%) | 3 (3.6%) | 4 (4.7%) | 84 | 31 (0.1–83) | 3 |
ATO arsenic trioxide, ATRA all-trans-retinoic acid, EMD extramedullary disease, HDAC high-dose cytarabin