Table 7.
Common Biological Pathways, Candidate Genes and Molecular Markers Associated with QOL Domains *(Genes are included in this table if association is found with at least two QOL domains)
| Biological Pathways | Candidate genes | Quality of life domain | Literature |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction | |||
| ◆ pro-inflammatory | • IL-1β | • General health | • (17) |
| • Fatigue | • (17) | ||
| • Pain | • (100, 102) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (112, 136) | ||
| • Anti-depressant response | • (159) | ||
| • IL-6 | • Overall quality of life | • (17) | |
| • General health | • (17) | ||
| • Fatigue | • (13, 24, 39) | ||
| • Pain | • (39, 74, 101) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (24, 26, 112, 136–138) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (17) | ||
| • IL-8 | • Pain | • (99) | |
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (12, 136) | ||
| • TNF-α | • Fatigue | • (14, 20, 24, 39) | |
| • Pain | • (74, 100) | ||
| • Emotional functioning – Depression | • (138, 159) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (17) | ||
| ◆ inflammation | • CRP | • Fatigue | • (13) |
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (137) | ||
| ◆ anti-inflammatory | • IL-1RN | • General health | • (17) |
| • Fatigue | • (17) | ||
| • Pain | • (17) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - depression | • (17) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (17) | ||
| • IL-1RA | • Fatigue | • (13, 14) | |
| • Pain | • (75, 102) | ||
| • IL-10 | • General health | • (17) | |
| • Fatigue | • (17) | ||
| • Pain | • (39) | ||
| • Emotional functioning – Depression | • (26, 112, 136, 139) | ||
|
| |||
| Dopaminergic synapse | • COMT | • Fatigue | • (6) |
| • Pain | • (41–43, 45–48, 50, 69–71) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (118) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - Positive affect | • (178) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (206, 207) | ||
| • DRD2 | • Emotional functioning – Depression | • (118, 119) | |
| • Emotional functioning – Anxiety | • (119) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (119, 199, 204) | ||
| • DRD4 | • Fatigue | • (7) | |
| • Emotional functioning depression | • (110) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (198) | ||
| • CREB1 | • Pain | • (72) | |
| • Emotional functioning – Depression | • (116) | ||
|
| |||
| Dopaminergic synapse/Serotonergic synapse | • MAOA | • Emotional functioning – depression | • (110) |
| • Emotional functioning – positive affect | • (181) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (209) | ||
|
| |||
| Serotonergic synapse | • 5-HTT (SLC6A4) | • Pain | • (46, 51, 52, 73) |
| • Emotional functioning – depression | • (125–128, 182) | ||
| • Emotional functioning – anxiety | |||
| • Emotional functioning – positive affect | • (164–168) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (179) | ||
| • TPH1 | • Overall quality of life | • (185) | |
| • Fatigue | • (2) | ||
| • Pain | • (2) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - Depression | • (115) | ||
| • Emotional functioning - anxiety | • (2) | ||
|
| |||
| Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | • OPRM1 | • General health | • (216) |
| • Pain | • (58, 76–80, 103) | ||
| • Emotional functioning | • (178) | ||
| • Social functioning | • (208) | ||
| • AVPR1A | • Emotional functioning – depression | • (146) | |
| • Social functioning | • (184, 187, 190–193) | ||
|
| |||
| Glutathione metabolic pathway | • DPYD | • Physical functioning | • (8) |
| • Fatigue | • (8, 10) | ||
*
Biological pathways are according to KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes), http://www.genome.jp/kegg/ or Genecards, http://www.genecards.org/
Note: References are included in Supplementary Material 2: References to Tables 1–7.