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. 2014 Sep;10(3):146–157.

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© Mark J. Hamblin et al. Licensee Master Publishing Group

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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A, MH-S Alveolar Macrophages were stimulated with vehicle or LMW HA (250 μg/ml) with cell supernatants collected at various time points to establish a time course for peak MIP 1-α protein expression induced by LMW HA. Peak production occurs between 18-21 hours; B, MH-S Cells were stimulated with vehicle or varying doses of LMW HA with cell supernatants collected at 18 hours to establish the optimal dose of LMW HA to induce protein expression. Doses of 500 ug/ml induced more than 5% cell death by Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay in some experiments, so a dose of 250 ug/ml was considered the optimal dose to induce inflammatory expression.