. 2014 Oct 4;5:347–357. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S67391

Table 2.

Comparison of professional competency perception across pharmacy programs

Competency domains and items	Mean (SD)			P-value
Competency domains and items	Pharm D	BScPcare	BScPsci	P-value
Domain 1: patient care
1. An inter-professional collaboration	3.89 (0.62)	3.75 (0.67)	3.75 (0.67)	0.238
2. Ambulatory care services	4.19 (0.63)^a	3.99 (0.68)	3.76 (0.72)^a	<0.001
3. Acute care services	3.90 (0.77)^a,^b	3.57 (0.77)^b	3.45 (0.70)^a	<0.001
4. Patient counseling services on medication use	4.19 (0.65)^a	4.01 (0.71)	3.67 (0.75)^a	<0.001
5. Medication reconciliation services	3.98 (0.74)^a,^b	3.70 (0.79)^b	3.47 (0.70)^a	<0.001
Domain 2: consumer protection and community health services
6. Consumer health protection (eg, surveillance of health products)	3.55 (0.83)	3.29 (0.89)^c	3.67 (0.76)^c	0.009
7. Herbal and alternative medicines	3.46 (0.86)	3.24 (0.87)^c	3.71 (0.84)^c	0.002
8. Primary care services (eg, patient home visit and supervision of primary care hospitals)	4.09 (0.76)^a,^b	3.74 (0.85)^b	3.78 (0.71)^a	0.005
Domain 3: health administration and communication
9. Solving public health problems in rural areas	3.72 (0.72)	3.57 (0.80)	3.53 (0.66)	0.213
10. Health administration (eg, drug selection, procurement, and inventory management)	3.51 (0.76)	3.30 (0.85)	3.40 (0.74)	0.197
11. Communication with patients and lay people	4.09 (0.71)	3.93 (0.83)	3.85 (0.68)	0.094
Domain 4: drug review and information
12. Drug use evaluation or drug utilization review	3.73 (0.74)^b	3.47 (0.68)^b	3.48 (0.77)	0.024
13. Drug information services to health professionals and the public	3.77 (0.68)^b	3.46 (0.76)^b	3.66 (0.72)	0.013

Notes:

Difference between Pharm D and BScPSci programs;

difference between Pharm D and BScPcare programs;

difference between BScPcare and BScPSci programs.

Abbreviations: Pharm D, Doctor of Pharmacy; BSc, Bachelor of Sciences in Pharmacy; Psci, Pharmaceutical Science; Pcare, Pharmaceutical Care; SD, standard deviation.